Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BIODIV > Lecture 8: Gymnosperms 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 8: Gymnosperms 1 Flashcards

(53 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 3 major groups of vascular plants?

A

Ferns

Gymnosperms

Angiosperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What TYPE of plants are gymnosperms usually?

A

Woody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the LEAVES on gymnosperms?

A

fan-like, scale-like or needle-like, often persistent (sometimes caducous; fall off when young)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the FLOWERS of gymnosperms?

A

unisexual with no perianth, arranged in infl called “cones”

Cones are grouping of flowers inflorescence = potentially spike/spite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why don’t gymnosperms have fruit?

A

bear their ovules on flat, scale-like carpels; since the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary (like in Angiosperms), they don’t form a fruit, and the seeds are “naked”.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_______ are ancestral and palm looking

A

Cycadales; Cycadaceae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of LEAVES of cycadales?

A

pinnately compound, persistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: Cycadales are monecious

A

False, dioecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

______ have naked ovules

A

Cycadales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In cycadales the male inflorescence looks like _____ and the female inflorescence looks like _______?

A

a cone, a flower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are cycadales cultivated as in Canada?

A

Ornamentals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True or False: Cycads have been used as a food source in Australia for at least 4,300 years

A

True, seeds were used as food, never domesticated though

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What TYPE of plant is ginkgoales?

A

Trees with no resin canals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the LEAVES of ginkgoales?

A

simple closely packed on stubby short shoots,

fan-like, veins dichotomously branched,

emarginate (notch) or bilobed,

deciduous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False: Ginkgoales is diecious.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the FLOWERS of ginkgoales? (Both M and F)

A 
M = spike-like infl
F = reduced to ovules which are paired on peduncles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a unique characteristic of the ginkgoales seeds?

A

a fleshy, bad-smelling outer coat and a hard inner coat

if you remove the fleshy part, the rest is a delicacy in China

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False: Biloba is the only one of the ginkgoales family, up to 5000 years old

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the work Ginkgo derived from?

A

Japanese word Ginkyo meaning “silver apricot”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True or False: Gingkos are used as a sacred tree based on its longevity

A

True, known as:

a symbol of unity of opposites.

symbol of eternity and longevity

bearer of hope

symbol of love

protector against fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 health benefits of using ginkgo (ginseng)

A

improves blood flow

protects against oxidative cell damage from free radicals

blocks many of the effects of PAF (blood clotting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False: Ginkgo is cultivated worldwide as ornamental in urban areas (resistant to pollution). Leaves turn yellow in the fall.

23
Q

What TYPE of Plant is taxus?

Study These Flashcards
A

Trees or shrubs; no resin canals (no smell)

24
Q

What are the LEAVES of taxus?

Study These Flashcards
A

needle-like, persistent, alternate, 2-ranked.

25
What are the FLOWERS of taxus? (M and F)
``` M = in small cones F = solitary, naked ovules ```
26
WHat is the outer and inner layer of seeds made of in taxus?
with a fleshy outer layer (bright red) and hard inner layer.
27
True or False: The whole taxus plant is toxic
False, with the exception of the red, fleshy part of seeds, the rest of the plant is toxic. Seeds evolved so it can be dispersed by birds
28
In what type of ecosystem can taxus be found?
Shrub in rich often swampy forests: deciduous, mixed, or coniferous (hemlock, white pine, fir, and especially cedar), often thriving on banks and in ravines
29
Taxus has become scarce in many parts of the state due to severe ______ browsing.
Deer
30
What is the cancer combating drug found in Taxus?
Paciltaxol (Taxol), which has a antimitotic mechanism
31
What is the TYPE(S) of plants in the family Cupressaceae?
Shrubs & trees with resin glands (smelly)
32
What are the LEAVES in the family Cupressaceae?
either scale-like & opposite, or needle-like, in which case they are solitary or whorled
33
True or False: The family Cupressaceae is both monecious and dioecious.
True
34
What are the FLOWERS in the family Cupressaceae? (M and F)
Male flowers in small cones. Female cones with a few flowers – in Juniperus 3 carpels fuse completely; in Thuja carpelar scales opposite
35
What are the 4 genera of cupressaceae?
Thuja Juniperus Taxodium Sequoia
36
What TYPE of plant is the genus Thuja?
Trees (sometimes shrubs when young)
37
What are the LEAVES of the genus Thuja?
scale-like, opposite
38
True or False: Thuja is dioecious
False, monecious
39
What are the FLOWERS of the genus Thuja? (Female)
Female cones with a few pairs of opposite scales.
40
What is the species Thuja occidentalis used for medically?
treatment of the common cold, and its efficacy as an adjuvant to standard antibiotic treatment of severe bacterial infections
41
True or False: Thuja is non -toxic
False, can be very toxic, dosage must be correct
42
What TYPE of plant is the genus Juniperus?
Trees or shrubs
43
What are the LEAVES of the genus Juniperus?
scale-like, opposite and needle-like, whorled (3 per node) sometimes both on the same plant
44
Is Juniperus monecious or dioecious?
Dioecious
45
What are the FLOWERS of the genus Juniperus? (Female)
Female cones: 3 carpels perfectly fused at maturity, berry-like but not fruit
46
What is one human use for the Juniperus plant?
Female cones used for fragrance in gin
47
The Juniperus spp. thats a shrub with only needle-like leaves is _____ and the one that's a tree with both types of leaves is ______.
J. communis J. virginiana
48
What TYPE of plant is the genus Taxodium?
Trees with pneumatophores (gas exchange)
49
What are the LEAVES of the genus Taxodium?
needle-like, soft, caducous
50
What are the FLOWERS of the genus Taxodium? (Female)
Female cones: spherical
51
What TYPE of plant is the genus Sequoia?
Giant trees
52
What are the LEAVES of the genus Sequoia?
needle-like, persistent
53
What are the FLOWERS of the genus Sequoia? (Female)
Female cones: round; carpel-scales peltate

BIODIV (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions