Lecture 9&10 -Ageism & Gender Based Violence Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is elderspeak?
Elderspeak is a form of communication with older adults that infantilizes them, often using simplified language or a condescending tone.
What does Levy’s stereotype embodiment work focus on?
Levy’s work shows that older adults who internalize negative age stereotypes tend to perform worse on cognitive and physical tasks, showing increased stress and lower well-being.
What is Susan Sontag’s view on aging?
Sontag suggests that aging is seen as a social pathology for women, where femininity is associated with incompetence and passivity, while aging improves men’s perceived competence.
What are the consequences of internalizing negative stereotypes of aging?
Associated with
- Less physical activity
- Reduced preventive health care
- Lower will to live
- Decreased adherence to medical advice/treatment
How are older men and women typically described in terms of appearance?
Older men are seen as dignified and charming, with aging having a positive impact on appearance. Older women are seen as frail and wrinkled, with aging having a negative impact on appearance.
What does research indicate about body dissatisfaction and aging in women?
Body dissatisfaction remains stable with age, but younger women feel worse about their bodies, while disordered eating and negative emotions may decrease over time.
What is menopause and when does it typically occur?
Menopause is the permanent end of menstrual periods due to decreased hormone production, usually occurring around age 50.
What is perimenopause?
Refers to the years before and 12 months after a woman’s last menstrual cycle, marked by hormonal changes and symptoms.
What symptoms do women commonly experience during perimenopause?
- Changes in menstrual cycle length and regularity
- Hot flashes
- Night sweats
- Vaginal dryness
- Brain fog
- Low mood
How does a decline in estrogen during menopause affect appearance?
- Decreased collagen → thinner, less elastic skin
- Fat redistribution → sagging skin and breasts
- Increased facial hair and deeper voice
- Vaginal tissues thin and lose lubrication
What controversey and risks are associated with Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)?
- HRT has been criticized for medicalizing menopause, a natural process.
- Increased risks of breast cancer, heart disease, and strokes, but recent studies suggest it may have some benefits if used correctly.
What is the widowhood effect?
It is the elevated risk of mortality following the death of a spouse, commonly experienced by women who outlive male partners.
What is the difference between retirement views for men and women?
Men tend to view retirement as a break or leisure time, while women often see it as an opportunity for caregiving, volunteer work, or bridge work.
What is role strain relief hypothesis?
Suggests parents, especially mothers, experience increased well-being after children leave home.
What is the empty-nest or role loss hypothesis?
Proposes that mothers lacking other life roles may feel depressed and have decreased life satisfaction when children leave home.
What does the feminization of poverty mean?
Refers to the phenomenon where women, especially older women, are more likely to experience poverty due to factor like:
- earning less income
- occupational segregation, - live longer than male spouses,
- bear caregiving burdens, leading to higher morbidity and financial challenges.
What are the three tiers of Canada’s retirement income system?
1) Canada Pension Plan (CPP) or Quebec Pension Plan (QPP)
2) Old Age Security (OAS), and
3) employer-sponsored pensions and personal savings.
What is OAS (Old Age Security) and GIS (Guaranteed Income Supplement)?
They are Canadian government programs designed to provide income support to older adults, with OAS providing a basic income and GIS offering additional financial support for low-income seniors.
What are the three concepts of aging successfully?
Harmonious aging (balancing challenges and opportunities), active aging (staying engaged in the community), and resilient aging (acknowledging strengths despite challenges).
What is tonic immobility?
An involuntary “frozen” response to fear during high-stress situations, such as during a sexual assault, where the victim may feel unable to resist.
What is compliant sex?
Occurs when a person agrees to sexual acts despite not wanting to, often due to societal pressure, fear of conflict, or a desire to avoid harm. It is not genuine consent.
What is rape culture?
Rape culture normalizes sexual violence, with perpetrators facing minimal repercussions.
What are rape myths and their impact?
[ Rape myths are false beliefs about rape, contributing to victim blaming and shifting responsibility from perpetrators to survivors.
What are the phases in Walker’s Cycle of Abuse?
1) Tension-building (minor incidents and fear), 2) Explosion (actual abuse), 3) Honeymoon phase (apologies and promises), and denial perpetuates the cycle.
