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IDM2003 Exam 2 > Lecture 9 MHC > Flashcards

Lecture 9 MHC Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

MHC complexes present ____ to TCR

A

epitopes

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2
Q

TCR specifically recognize both _____ and the ____

A

self-MHC; antigen

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3
Q

MHC Class I structure

A
  • closed
  • one alpha chain (3 subunits)
  • beta 2 microglobulin
  • 1 transmembrane domain
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4
Q

How many chains make up MHC class II?

A

2 (one alpha, one beta)

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5
Q

MHC Class II sturcture

A
  • open
  • 2 chains (alpha, beta)
  • 2 transmembrane domains
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6
Q

Side chains of peptide interact with side chains of MHC cleft via _____

A

noncovalent forces (electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonds, van der waals, hydrophobic)

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7
Q

In MHC Class ___ the peptide can hang over the cleft because it is open

A

II

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8
Q

A given MHC class I molecule will have preference for specific ___ in a particular position

A

amino acids

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9
Q

MHC class I bind peptides that are ___ aa long

A

8-10

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10
Q

MHC genes do not _____, but they are highly polymorphic/polygenic

A

recombine

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11
Q

Peptides that bind to MHC II are _____ in length

A

variable

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12
Q

The characteristic _______ of peptides in MHC are part of the interaction

A

overhangs

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13
Q

Pathogens degraded in the ______ will bind to MHC I and be presented to ___ T cells and result in _____

A

cytosol; CD8; cell death

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14
Q

What are the two types of pathogens that will bind to MHC class II?

A
  • intravesicular pathogens
  • extracellular pathogens and toxins
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15
Q

_______ pathogen peptides bound to MHC II will present to ___ T cells and result in activation to kill _______

A

intravesicular; CD4; intravesicular bacteria and peptides

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16
Q

_____ pathogen and _____ peptides bound to MHC II will present to ___ T cells and result in activation of B cells to secrete Ig

A

Extracellular; toxins; CD4

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17
Q

MHC I are retained in the ___ until they bind a peptide

A

ER

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18
Q

Partly folded MHC class I binds _____ until beta2 microglobulin binds

A

calnexin

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19
Q

MHC class I alpha:beta2m releases from calnexin and binds complex of _______ proteins including _____ and ______ and binds to ______ via ______

A

chaperone; calreticulum and ERp57; TAP via tapasin

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20
Q

Defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) are ______ and degraded by ______

A

ubiquinated; the proteasome

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21
Q

_____ delivers peptide fragments to the ER

A

TAP

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22
Q

MHC Class I completes its folding when ____ binds, releasing ____ and is exported to the membrane

A

a peptide; TAP

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23
Q

In MHC class II peptides come from _____

A

acidified endocytic vesicles

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24
Q

Under neutral pH, _______ are inactive, but when the endocytic vesicle fuses with the ______ and acidification occurs, they activate

A

endosomal proteases; lysosome

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25
Vesicles containing ____ fuse with vesicles containing MHC II
peptides
26
The _______ prevents premature peptide binding to MHC class II
Invariant chain (Ii) CD74
27
The openness of MHC class II allows for the passage of _____ region of Ii
CLIP
28
The 9 chain complex includes 3 ____, 3 ____, and 3 ____
Ii chains, alpha chains, beta chains
29
The second function of Ii is to
target MHC class II to be trafficked to a low pH endocytic vesicle
30
Acid proteases initially cleave Ii to remove _____, leaving _____
trimerization domain; LIP22
31
Proteases further cleave LIP22 into _____
LIP10
32
Cleavage of LIP10 results in ____ of MHC II with ___ bound
release; CLIP
33
MHC II molecules bind ____ to allow for exchange of CLIP with peptides. If they do not bind peptides, the MHC molecules are _____.
HLA-DM; degraded
34
Structure of HLA-DM
alpha and beta chain, no groove
35
HLA-DM binds to the ____ of MHC II, which ______
alpha chain near the region of the floor of the peptide binding site; opens up MHC II
36
HLA-DM can remove ______ called peptide editing
unstably bound peptides
37
As they mature, dendritic cells upregulate ____ and _____
MHC Class II and LAMP-1
38
LAMP-1 is a ____ marker
lysosome
39
Class I HLAs
A, B, C
40
Class II HLAs
DR, DQ, DP
41
Polygenic
There are multiple genes that an individual possesses that makeup MHC set
42
Polymorphic
There are many allelic variants (for evolutionary advantage) for MHC genes
43
MHC class Ib present
glycolipids
44
What is significant about DR, DP, and DQ?
they can mix and match alpha and beta chains
45
variability in MHC I is found in __ chains
alpha 1 and 2
46
How were HLA genes discovered?
Human Leukocyte Antigens - found through antigenic differences in white blood cells between individuals
47
____ is monomorphic
DRalpha (Ealpha in mice)
48
_____ is nonvariable in the alpha chain
DR
49
MHC restriction is due to
- TCR and MHC interaction - TCR and peptide interaction
50
____ help TCR to find MHC II
CD4
51
____ help TCR to find MHC I
CD8
52
CD1 is a gene encoded ______, is similar in structure to _____, but similar in function to _____.
outside the MHC; MHC I (presence of beta2m); MHC II
53
How do CD1 molecules function?
Targeted to vesicles to bind ligand
54
CD1 binds ____
glycolipids due to hydrophobic channel
55
Group 1 CD1
CD1a,b,c
56
Group 2 CD1
CD1d
57
Group 1 CD1 bind
microbial glycolipids, phospholipids, lipopeptide antigens
58
Group 2 CD1 bind
self lipid antigens such as sphingolipids and diacylglycerols
59
CD1s have ___ binding for ligands by anchoring ____ in ____
deep; alkyl chain; hydrophobic groove
60
CD1 bind to
T cells without CD4 or CD 8 OR CD4+ T cells
61
Group 2 CD1 bind to
specific TCR alpha chain (Va24-Ja18) and NK cell receptors (called invariant NKT)
62
Which cells have MHC II?
B cells, Macrophages, dendritic cells, epithelial cells of thymus, some T cells
63
____ produces greater antiviral response with overlapping B/T cell epitope
T cell

IDM2003 Exam 2 (7 decks)

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