Lecture Exam 1

Question 1

What occurs when bacteria differ widely in form?

Answer 1

Pleomorphism

Question 2

Less than what percentage of known microorganisms are consider pathogenic

Answer 2

1%

Question 3

Robert Hooke built a compound microscope in year

Answer 3

1665

Question 4

Endocytocis

Answer 4

Is the process of taking materials into the cell

Question 5

Who is considered the father of antiseptic surgery?

Answer 5

Joseph Lister

Question 6

Where is peptidoglycan

Answer 6

Cell wall

Question 7

Removal of the cell wall of a Gram positive bacteria results in the formation of a _____

Answer 7

Protoplast

Question 8

Bacteria with flagella all over their surface are said to be:

Answer 8

Peritrichous

Question 9

Some bacteria can transfer DNA to another cell using:

Answer 9

Conjugation pili

Question 10

During diffusion molecules ______.

Answer 10

Move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration

Question 11

Similarities between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells are that they

Answer 11

Encoded genetic information in DNA molecules

Have true nucleus

Question 12

Peptidoglycan makes up more than 60% of a ______ bacteria

Answer 12

Gram positive

Question 13

Penicillin controls the growth of bacteria by ______

Answer 13

Preventing peptidoglycan synthesis

Question 14

Lysozyme found in human tears controls the growth of bacteria by _____

Answer 14

Digesting peptidoglycan

Question 15

The charged phosphate end of a membrane phosphate lipid layer is ____

Answer 15

Hydrophilic

Question 16

Bacterial ribosomes

Answer 16

Have a sedimentation rate of 70S

Question 17

Inclusions found in bacteria include:

Answer 17

Granules

Vesicles

Question 18

The periplasmic space is found ______

Answer 18

Between the inner cell membrane and outer cell wall membrane

Question 19

What sterilization technique should be used on beer and milk?

Answer 19

Pasteurization

Question 20

An agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria is called a

Answer 20

Bacteriostatic agent

Question 21

A viricide is an agent that ______

Answer 21

Inactivates viruses

Question 22

Which of the following is not affecting the effectiveness of a chemical antimicrobial agent

Answer 22

Combustibility

Question 23

The use of phenol as a standard chemical disinfectant is referred to as the _____

Answer 23

Phenol coefficient

Question 24

All of the following qualities apply to the selection of an ideal antibacterial agent except:

a) fast acting
b) effectiveness against all infective agents without harming host tissue
c) no offensive odor
d) expensive and difficult to obtain and use

Answer 24

d) expensive and difficult to obtain and use

Question 25

Heat kills microorganisms by denaturing their _____

Answer 25

Proteins

Question 26

Agents that denature proteins include all of the following include all of the following except: a) acid b) heat c) pasteurization d) cold treatment

Answer 26

d)cold treatment

Question 27

Surfactant include all of the following except: a) alcohol b) detergents c) quaternary ammonium compounds d) oxidizing agents

Answer 27

d)oxidizing agents

Question 28

Which of the following is not one of the phases of bacterial a) Lag phase b) Stationary Phase c) Doubling Phase d) Log Phase

Answer 28

c)Doubling Phase

Question 29

During which phase organisms produce large amounts of ATP

Answer 29

Lag phase

Question 30

What is another name for the log phase?

Answer 30

Exponential phase

Question 31

The type of cell reproduction in which a small, new cell develops from the surface of an existing and then separates from the parent cell is known as _____ and is the the normal mode of replication in _____.

Answer 31

Budding, yeast

Question 32

A bacterial culture can be kept in the log phase of growth indefinitely with the help of a

Answer 32

Chemostat

Question 33

Turbidity in a bacterial culture can be measured using a

Answer 33

Spectrophotometer

Question 34

Acidophiles would be expected to grow best at a ph of _____

Answer 34

3

Question 35

Most human pathogens are ____

Answer 35

Mesophiles

Question 36

Which of the following is most likely to live in the deep layers of mud, where there is a complete lack of free oxygen?

Answer 36

Obligate anaerobe

Question 37

Which type of cell will generally shift to aerobic metabolism when oxygen is available but will carry on fermentation otherwise?

Answer 37

Facultative anaerobes

Question 38

The toxic effects of the byproducts of oxygen metabolism are reduced by which of the following? a) Catalase b) Superoxide dismutase c) Lactase d) a and b e) a and c

Answer 38

a) Catalase and b)superoxide dismutase

Question 39

Organism with special nutritional needs are said to be _____

Answer 39

Fastidious

Question 40

Exoenzymes:

Answer 40

Produced by Gram-positive rods act in the medium around the organism

Question 41

A culture that contains only a single species of organism is known as a _____

Answer 41

Pure culture

Question 42

A media on which Gram-positive organism turn green and Gram-negative organism turn blue would be _____

Answer 42

Differential