Lecture Exam 6 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
ADH reduces urine output, helping to regulate blood pressure and blood volume.
How does ADH affect the kidneys?
ADH acts on the kidneys to conserve water, maintaining hydration and proper blood volume.
What is the function of oxytocin?
Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and promotes milk release during breastfeeding.
What are the primary functions of the hypothalamus?
The hypothalamus regulates the autonomic nervous system, emotional responses, and key homeostatic functions.
List key homeostatic functions regulated by the hypothalamus.
Body temperature, food intake, water balance, and sleep-wake cycles.
What is the epithalamus?
The epithalamus is the dorsal part of the diencephalon, primarily associated with the pineal gland.
What hormone does the pineal gland secrete?
The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates circadian rhythms.
What are the three parts of the brainstem?
The brainstem consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
What is the function of the midbrain?
The midbrain contains the cerebral aqueduct and is involved in motor control and sensory processing.
What role does the pons play?
The pons connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord and cerebellum, and assists in sensory relay and respiration.
What is the medulla oblongata responsible for?
The medulla regulates heart rate, breathing, and reflexes such as sneezing and hiccupping.
Where is the cerebellum located?
The cerebellum is located beneath the occipital lobe and behind the brainstem.
What is the function of the cerebellum?
The cerebellum coordinates and times voluntary movements, and is involved in attention and language.
What is the reticular formation?
The reticular formation is a network of gray matter involved in regulating wakefulness and alertness.
What is the limbic system?
The limbic system is a group of structures involved in emotions, behavior, memory, and smell.
What are key structures of the limbic system?
Cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, mammillary bodies, and fornix.
What is the function of the cingulate gyrus?
The cingulate gyrus processes emotions and memory.
What is the role of the hippocampus?
The hippocampus is critical for forming new memories.
What does the amygdala process?
The amygdala is central to processing emotions, particularly fear and aggression.
What is the function of the parahippocampal gyrus?
The parahippocampal gyrus is involved in memory encoding and retrieval.
What are mammillary bodies associated with?
Mammillary bodies are associated with recollective memory.
What is the fornix?
The fornix is a major output tract of the hippocampus, connecting it to other limbic structures.
