Lecture Finals Reviewer Flashcards
(93 cards)
Elimination of waste products by specific organs or tissues
Excretion
The major organ responsible for eliminating urea and other wastes
Kidney
The process by which sweat glands remove urea and inorganic salts
Excretion by Skin
Organs responsible for removing gaseous waste products like carbon dioxide
Gills and Lungs
Organ that removes cholesterol, bile salts, excess calcium/iron, and eliminates them via the intestine
Liver
End-products of protein, amino acid, pyrimidine, and purine degradation
Nitrogenous Wastes
Highly toxic nitrogenous waste requiring large amounts of water for elimination; main product of amino acid breakdown
Ammonia
Nitrogenous waste produced in the liver, less toxic, and a water conservation adaptation in some animals
Urea
Nitrogenous waste excreted as a crystalline, water-insoluble substance by birds, reptiles, and insects
Uric Acid
Nitrogenous waste product excreted by spiders
Guanine
Major nitrogenous waste in marine teleosts, octopus, squids, and crabs
Trimethylamine oxide
Substance excreted by mammals in addition to urea
Hippuric acid
Major excretory product in birds, formed in the liver
Ornithuric acid
The chief excretory product in protozoans and many aquatic invertebrates
Ammonia (Ammonotelic Excretion)
Excretion pattern where nitrogen is eliminated mainly as urea
Ureotelic Excretion
Excretion pattern where nitrogen is eliminated mainly as uric acid
Uricotelic Excretion
Excretion pattern where guanine is the main nitrogenous waste
Guanotelic Excretion
Excretory organs in Platyhelminthes
Flame cells
Excretory organs in Annelida, Mollusca, and some Arthropoda
Nephridia
Excretory organs in Arthropoda that collect fluid from haemolymph
Malpighian tubules
Functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
The process by which the glomerulus filters water and solutes from blood plasma into Bowman’s capsule
Glomerular Filtration
The volume of plasma filtered by the glomeruli per minute
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
The process by which useful substances are returned from the filtrate to the blood
Tubular Reabsorption