LECTURE: Nasal Cavity

Question 1

What forms the bony framework of the nose?

Answer 1

maxillary and nasal bones

Question 2

What are the cartilages in the nose?

Answer 2

lateral nasal, septal and alar

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Bones and cartilage that divide nasal cavity into right and left are collectively known as

Answer 4

nasal septum

Question 5

What makes up the bony septum?

Answer 5

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone and vomer

Question 6

What completes the septum anteriorly?

Answer 6

the septal cartilage

Question 7

Blood supply to the nose comes from what arteries?

Answer 7

facial and ophthalmic arteries

Question 8

Sensation of the nose is carried by what nerves?

Answer 8

infratrochlear, external nasal and infraorbital nerves (V2)

Question 9

What part of the nose leads into the nasal cavity?

Answer 9

nostrils (nares)

Question 10

____ are passageways between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx.

Answer 10

choanae

Question 11

Most of the nasal cavity is lined with what type of cell?

Answer 11

respiratory epithelium with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 12

The vestibule is located ______ line with skin.

Answer 12

inside the nose

Question 13

The olfactory epithelium is located where in the nasal cavity?

Answer 13

roof

Question 14

Nasal cavity has openings for what?

Answer 14

paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal duct.

Question 15

What are the paranasal sinuses? (4)

Answer 15

• maxillary sinus
• frontal sinus
• ethmoid air cells
• sphenoid sinus

Question 16

Which paranasal sinus opens into the middle meatus and forms the floor of the orbit?

Answer 16

maxillary sinus

Question 17

Which paranasal sinus opens into the middle meatus and is asymmetrical?

Answer 17

frontal sinus

Question 18

Which paranasal sinus usually from 3-18 in number, and drain into semilunar hiatus, with middle group onto surface of ethmoid bull and posterior group into superior meatus?

Answer 18

ethmoid air cells

Question 19

Which paranasal sinus can allow infection to migrate into the orbit?

Answer 19

ethmoid air cells

Question 20

Which paranasal sinus is in the body of the sphenoid bone, under the floor of the hypophyseal fossa?

Answer 20

sphenoid sinus

Question 21

What are the important structures in the vicinity of the sphenoid sinus?

Answer 21

• optic nerve
• pituitary gland
• cavernous sinus
• internal carotid arteries

Question 22

Each of these sinus is innervated by?

Answer 22

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

The lateral walls of the nasal cavity are irregular due to the

Answer 24

conchae

Question 25

What adds to the surface area for the mucosa in the nasal cavity?

Answer 25

conchae in the lateral walls

Question 26

The bones of the superior and middle conchae are parts of what bone?

Answer 26

ethmoid bone

Question 27

Conchae are also referred to as what?

Answer 27

turbinates

Question 28

\_\_\_\_ are grooves under the conchae.

Answer 28

meatuses

Question 29

Inferior meatus receives secretions (tears) from surface of the eye through what duct?

Answer 29

nasolacrimal

Question 30

A bulge formed by middle ethmoid air cells

Answer 30

bulla

Question 31

A groove anterior to the bulla and has openings for the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus and anterior ethmoid air cells

Answer 31

semilunar hiatus

Question 32

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ has openings for posterior ethmoid air cells

Answer 32

Superior meatus

Question 33

Has openings for sphenoid sinus, located posterior to the superior concha.

Answer 33

sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 34

Fracture of the cribiform plate can lead to what?

Answer 34

leakage of CSF into the nasal cavity

Question 35

How can you tell if CSF is being leaked into the nasal cavity?

Answer 35

Inject dye into CSF which will show up on cotton placed in nose

Question 36

The region of the pharynx just posterior to the nasal cavity.

Answer 36

nasopharynx

Question 37

Communication between middle ear (tympanic) cavity and nasopharynx

Answer 37

pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube

Question 38

Elevation formed by cartilaginous end of pharyngotympanic tube

Answer 38

torus tubarius

Question 39

lymphoid tissue in the posterior wall of nasopharynx

Answer 39

pharyngeal tonsil

Question 40

a groove between salpingopharyngeal fold and posterior wall of nasopharynx

Answer 40

pharyngeal recess

Question 41

muscle that elevates the soft palate during swallowing, and runs from the cartilage of the pharyngotympanic tube to the palatine aponeurosis

Answer 41

levator veli palatini

Question 42

muscle that tenses the soft palate during swallowing, runs from medial pterygoid plate, sphenoid spine and auditory tube to the soft palate

Answer 42

tensor veli palatini

Question 43

The tendon of what loops around the pterygoid hamalus of medial pterygoid plate?

Answer 43

tensor veli palatini

Question 44

A muscle that forms the salpingopharyngeal fold and runs from the posterior aspect of the cartilaginous part of the pharyngotympanic tube to blend with the palatopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 44

salpingopharyngeus

Question 45

Which muscle helps elevate the pharynx during swallowing?

Answer 45

salpingopharyngeus

Question 46

Levator veli palatini is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 46

CN X (vagus)

Question 47

Tensor veli palatini is innervated by what nerve?

Answer 47

V3 (trigeminal)

Question 48

Salpingopharyngeus is innvervated by what nerve?

Answer 48

CN X (vagus)

Question 49

What is shaped like an inverted tear drop and is located between the pterygoid process and the maxillary bone?

Answer 49

pterygomaxillary fissure

Question 50

Which 2 terminal branches of the maxillary artery supply blood to the nasal cavity?

Answer 50

the descending palatine artery and the sphenopalatine artery

Question 51

The sphenopalatine artery splits into what in the nasal cavity?

Answer 51

* posterior lateral nasal artery * posterior septal artery

Question 52

Which artery goes to the lateral nasal wall?

Answer 52

posterior lateral nasal arteries

Question 53

Which artery goes to the nasal septum?

Answer 53

posterior septal artery

Question 54

The posterior septal artery courses to the incisive canal where it will join with what arteries?

Answer 54

palatine arteries

Question 55

The anterior ethmoidal artery (from ophthalmic) helps supply blood to the nasal cavity by what means?

Answer 55

Its anterior lateral nasal branch and anterior septal branch

Question 56

The superior labial artery from the facial artery contributes blood supply to the …

Answer 56

vestibule

Question 57

Which nerve provides innervation to the nasal cavity?

Answer 57

olfactory nerve

Question 58

Aside from the olfactory nerve, what is highly vascular and has many mucous glands that have nerves to carry autonomics to the glands as well as general sensation from the mucosa?

Answer 58

respiratory epithelium

Question 59

The parasympathetics to the nasal mucosa come from what nerve?

Answer 59

facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 60

Pre-synaptic fibers travel with the greater petrosal nerve which branches off CN VII in the middle cranial fossa and synapse with post-synaptic fibers where?

Answer 60

in the pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 61

Sympathetic fibers from nasal mucosa originate from where/

Answer 61

the carotid plexus and forms the deep petrosal nerve

Question 62

The sympathetics of the deep petrosal nerve join the parasympathetics of the greater petrosal nerve to form which nerve?

Answer 62

Vidian nerve - the nerve of the pterygoid canal

Question 63

How are sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers distributed to the nasal cavity?

Answer 63

Via posterior lateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves

Question 64

Sympathetics and parasympathetics are also delivered to the mucosa of the oral palate by what nerves?

Answer 64

palatine nerves

Question 65

General sensation from the nasal cavity is carried mainly by what nerve?

Answer 65

maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)

Question 66

The sensory fibers travel within which nerves?

Answer 66

posterior lateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves

Question 67

From the posterior lateral nasal and nasopalatine nerves, the sensory fibers join with V2 in the roof of what?

Answer 67

the pterygopalatine fossa

Question 68

Sensation from the anterior aspect of the nasal cavity is carried by what nerves?

Answer 68

lateral internal nasal and medial internal nasal nerves (from V1)

Question 69

The palatine nerves also carry general sensation from the palate and is part of which nerve?

Answer 69

V2

Question 70

Autonomics to the lacrimal gland travel to the roof of the pterygopalatine fossa to join V2 where they join which nerve into the gland?

Answer 70

V1 (lacrimal nerve)