Lecture Notes Flashcards
(114 cards)
What is systolic BP?
Pressure when heart contracts
What is diastolic BP?
Pressure when heart relaxes
Which portion of the cardiac cycle is longer and by how much?
Diastolic is 2x as long as the systolic
Formulas for MAP?
MAP=COxTPR
MAP= 2xdiastolic pressure + systolic pressure/3
Forumla for CO?
CO=SVxHR
What is the cardiac output?
Volume pumped by each ventricle per minute
What is stroke volume?
Volume pumped by each ventricle per heart beat
When is the 1st korotkoff sound heard?
At peak systolic pressure
What sound signifies diastolic pressure?
5th korotkoff sound
What is the total peripheral resistance?
Sum of resistance of all peripheral vasculature
Where are the baroreceptors?
Aortic arch and carotid sinus
What are the major resistance vessels?
Arterioles
What responds to acute changes in blood pressure?
Baroreceptors
What nerves transmit signals from the baroreceptors?
Carotid IXth CN
Aortic Xth CN
What do baroreceptors do when you stand up and MAP decreases?
Rate of firing decreases
What effect does a decrease in the rate of firing of baroreceptors have on the heart?
Vagal tone decreases
Sympathetic tone increases
What changes do the baroreceptors bring about to increase MAP?
increase HR, increase SV, increase TPR
Which 3 hormone systems regulate ECF fluid volume?
Rennin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Atrial natriuretic Peptide
Anti diuretic hormone
Where is angiotensinogen released from?
Liver
Where is rennin relaxed from?
Kidney
What does rennin convert?
Angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
What converts to angiotensin 1 to 2?
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
What does angiotensin II act on and what does this cause?
Adrenal cortex which releases aldosterone
What effect does aldosterone have?
Increase sodium and water reabsorption
Increased PV
Increased Blood pressure