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Univ Chem TH106 1:30-2:20 MTWF > Lecture Notes > Flashcards

Lecture Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Chemistry

A 
organic- carbon
biochemistry- carbon life
physical- physical
inorganic- everything else
analytical- what and how much
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2
Q

goal of chemistry

A

understand the atoms and molecules that compose them

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3
Q

observe

A

measure, interpret, calculate publish

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4
Q

exact

A

not used in sig figs

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5
Q

inexact

A

used in sig figs

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6
Q

accurate

A

how close a measurement to the true value

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7
Q

precison

A

how close a set of measurements are to each other

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8
Q

add/sbutract

A

least amount of decimal places

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9
Q

matter

A

anything that occupies space and has mass

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10
Q

what isnt matter

A

heat, electricity, and light

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11
Q

types of matter

A

state- physical form,

composition- basic components that make it up

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12
Q

states of solids

A

crystalline

amorphous

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13
Q

ionic compound-

A

metal-nonmetal

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14
Q

covalent compound

A

nonmetal-nonmetal

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15
Q

diatomic molecules

A

H2, O2, N2, I2, Cl2, Br2, F2

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16
Q

Universe

A

helium, hydrogen,

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17
Q

earth’s crust

A

oxygen, silicon, aluminum, hydrogen, calcium, magnesium

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18
Q

body

A

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

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19
Q

isotope

A

different # of nuetrons

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20
Q

metal ion

A

cation

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21
Q

nonmetal ion

A

anion

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22
Q

electron level

A 
1 s2
2 s2 
2p6 3s2 
3p6 4s2 
3d10 4p6 5s2
4d10 5p6 6s2 
4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2
5f14 6d10 7p6
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23
Q

matter

A

pure substance or mixture
element or compound and heterogenous or homogenous
compounds ionic or molecular

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24
Q

most oxygen

A

ate

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25
one less oxygen
ite
26
acid
ate to ic | ite to ous
27
classification by atom rearrangement
A+B=C- combination C= A+B- decmposition X+YZ=Y+XZ- single replacement AX+BY=AY+BX- double replacement
28
acid/base
salt and H2O
29
combustion
reacts with O2= CO2+H2O
30
strong acids
``` HCl HNO3 H2SO4 HBr HI ```
31
what are bases
bitter, feel slippery
32
strong bases
group 1 and 2 | and hydroxide
33
molarity
mol/vol (L)
34
dilution equation
m1v1=m2v2
35
acid-base equation
m(a)v(a)=m(b)v(b)(a/b)
36
oxidization
loss of electrons
37
reduction
gain of electrons
38
oxidizing agent
solid
39
reducing agent
aqueous
40
ozone
o3
41
physical characteristics of gases
gases assume the volume and shape of the container gases are the most compressible state of matter gases will mix evenly and completely when confined to the same container gases have much lower density than liquids and solids
42
gases
shape indefinite | volume indefinite
43
1 atm
760 mm Hg
44
gas law
PV=nRT
45
what releases energy
exothermic
46
what absorbs energy
endothermic
47
types of energy
kinetic- motion | potential- position
48
energy
capacity to do work
49
energy=
work=force*distance
50
change in energy
q+w
51
open sys
mass and energy
52
closed
energy
53
isolated
nothing
54
heat
q=m*c*change in time
55
-
work done by the system on the surroundings
56
+
work done on the system by the surroundings
57
+
heat absorbed by the system from the surroundings | endothermic
58
-
heat absorbed by the surroundings from the system | exothermic
59
-q sys
qcal+qcontents
60
101.325 J
1 atm*atm
61
qcal
Ccal*change in temp
62
qcon
mcon*C*change in temp
63
e
h*nu(frequency)
64
nu (frequency)
c/lambda(wavelength)
65
e
ch/lambda(wavelength)
66
En
Rh(1/ni^2-1/nf^2)
67
quantum numbers
n- energy level, =1,2,3 l- sublevel, =0, n-1 ml= orientation in space, = 0+-l ms= spin, = -1/2 or +1/2
68
of orbitals
2l+1 | energy levle- n^2
69
shpaes of l
l=0 spherical l=1 principal l=2 dumbbell l=3 fundamental
70
electron config
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10
71
noble gas Arsenic
[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p3
72
shielding and pentration
closer shield electrons and harder to get to outer electrons
73
effective nuclear charge
``` ionize an atom easy or hard 1,2,3 cations 5,6,7 anions electron affinity (add) 1,2,3 not taking more electrons 5,6,7 easily take up electrons ionic radius- cation radi smaller, ano- radi higher ```
74
Cu + | Cu 2+
4s0 3d10 | 4s0 3d9
75
KE
1/2 (mv^2)
76
state function
thermodynamic quantity whose value depends only on the state at the moment, i. e., the temperature, pressure, volume
77
En
-2.18*10^-18(1/n^2)
78
diamagnetism
presence of paired spins
79
paramagnetism
prescence of unpaired spins
80
VSEPR
valance shell electron pair repulsion

Univ Chem TH106 1:30-2:20 MTWF (7 decks)

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