Lecture Three Flashcards
(41 cards)
The cerebral cortex consists of how many cortical layers
Six
The dips or folds in the brain are called
Sulci
The fluid filling the brains ventricles is called
Cerebralspinal fluid
A brain slice amongst the horizontal plane is commonly referred to as ..
Axial section
Which regions are part of the basal ganglia..
Putamen
Caudate
Global Pallidus
What does the Amygdala do?
Processing emotional responses to stimuli in the environment e.g. Fear
Disorders linked to basal ganglia
Huntingtons, terettes and Parkinson’s
What does the hippocampus do?
Learning and Memory. Damage it and you can’t learn new memories.
Where is the basal ganglia?
It’s within the depth of the brain. Well conserved across species.
Drives behaviours and reward systems, controls motor responses and motivational behaviour.
What does the hypothalamus do?
Maintains a steady state (e.g. Temperature) in the body. Also called homeostasis. And controls responses like hunger and thirst.
What does the thalmus do.
Gateway for sensory information is relayed to the cerebral cortex .
What is included in the brain stem?
Midbrain - reflectual things. Superior is visual ques and Inferior is sound.
Pans - communication between the brain and cerebellum (plays a role in hearing as well)
Medulla - heart rate and breathing rate.m
Connections within the brain
Association tracts - find in one hemisphere
Commisure tracts - send info between hemispheres
Projection tracts - go from the brain to the spinal cord
Corpus Collusum - Commisure
What are the ventricles
Cavities that contain cerebral spinal fluid. Goes in between the brain and the skull. Meningees hold the fluid in place.
Inflammation of memingees leads to meningitis (fluid and pressure build up)
There’s four ventricles
1. Right lateral
2. Left lateral
Connected to the third and fourth ventricles.
The brains bloody supply
Comes via two arteries the Basilar Artery and Internal Coratid Artery which forms a junction at he circle of Willis. This is where all the main blood vessels go.
If one artery is blocked then the other sends the blood supply.
What is the Corpus Collusum?
White matter tract that connects the two hemispheres
What does the anterior Commisure do?
It’s an inter hemisphere tract.
Another tract is the fornix which connects the hippocampus and the Hypothalmus
What surrounds the gyrus and what does it do?
Cingular Sulcus
The gyrus is involved in complex behaviours
Slicing the brain
Coronal; way of slicing the brain from the anterior and posterior axis (nose to the back of the head)
Sagital; dividing it from one ear to the other along the medial and lateral axis.
Horizontal axis; along the superior and inferior axis.
Name and locate each of the four lobes
Frontal
Temporal
Parietal
Occipital
What is gray matter
Neuron cell bodies and dendrites
What is white matter
Axons of neurons (myelin makes it white)
What does the sensory neuron do?
Takes info from the body to the central nervous system
Motor neurons
From the central nervous system to the body.