lectures 3-5_ch.4A

Question 1

microclimate

Answer 1

local atmospheric zone where the climate differs from the surrounding atmosphere (e.g., near a leaf, within a forest, and near a body of water)

Question 2

short-wave radiation (SR)

Answer 2

N/A

Question 3

reflectance

Answer 3

fraction of radiation incident on a surafce that is reflected (e.g., a leaf, or the Earth’s surface)

Question 4

transmittance

Answer 4

fraction of radiation incident on a body that passes through the body; mostly used with reference to leaves

Question 5

emission

Answer 5

N/A

Question 6

absorption

Answer 6

N/A

Question 7

convective heat transfer

Answer 7

direct transfer of heat (e.g., from leaf to air) and further transport by turbulent movement

Question 8

transpiration

Answer 8

water loss from leaves or whole plants due to evaporation from within a leaf or other plants

Question 9

heat storage

Answer 9

N/A

Question 10

heliotropism

Answer 10

solar tracking; movement of a leaf or flower that follows the angle of incident radiation

Question 11

diaheliotropism

Answer 11

solar tracking in which the leaf or flower remains perpendicular to incident radiation

Question 12

paraheliotropism

Answer 12

leaf movement that positions the leaf more or less parallel to the incident radiation throughout the day

Question 13

phototropism

Answer 13

growth of plant organs in response to the directional component of light perceived by the blue-light photoreceptor phototropin

Question 14

photosynthetic water-use efficiency

Answer 14

ratio between photosynthetic carbon gain and transpiration water loss

Question 15

photoinhibition

Answer 15

decline in photosynthetic efficiency upon exposure to high irradiance; the decline can be transient (less than 24 hours), which is related to protection of the photosyntehtic apparatus, or it can be longer lasting, which implies photodamage

Question 16

wax layer

Answer 16

N/A

Question 17

white hairs

Answer 17

N/A

Question 18

salt crystals

Answer 18

N/A

Question 19

emissivity

Answer 19

coefficient that describes the thermal radiation emitted by a body at a particular temperature relative to the radiation emitted by an ideal black body

Question 20

boundary layer

Answer 20

thin layer of air, water, or soil around the leaf or root with reduced mass transport and increased reliance on diffusion for transport processes, conditions differ from those further away

Question 21

boundary layer thickness

Answer 21

N/A

Question 22

windspeed

Answer 22

N/A

Question 23

leaf dimension

Answer 23

N/A

Question 24

cushion plants

Answer 24

N/A

Question 25

long hairs

Answer 25

N/A

Question 26

stomatal conductance/resistance

Answer 26

conductance/resistance for tranport of CO2 or water vapour through the stomata

Question 27

boundary layer conductance/resistance

Answer 27

conductance/resistance for transport of CO2, water vapour, or heat between the leaf surface and the atmosphere measured across the boundary layer

Question 28

photorespiration

Answer 28

production of CO2 in the metabolic pathway that metabolizes the products of the oxygenation reaction catalyzed by Rubisco