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ANATOMY - Bones & Ligaments of Upper Limbs > Leg > Flashcards

Leg Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Receives weight of the body from the femur

A

Tibia (medial)

Fibula (lateral, stick-like)

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2
Q

Contributes to the knee joint together with femur

A

Tibia (Fibula does not)

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3
Q

Largest and most complex joint. Acts as a hinge joint: flexion and extension.

A

Knee joint

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4
Q

Knee joint is structurally considered as…

A

Compound and bicondyloid

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5
Q

Connects the tibia and fibula

A

Interosseous membrane

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6
Q

Contributes to ‘locking’ of knee when standing

A

Rotation of femur to tibia (by knee joint)

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7
Q

3 joints surrounded by a single joint cavity

A

Patellofemoral
Lateral tibiofemoral
Medial tibiofemoral

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8
Q

What are the structures covered by the capsule of the knee joint?

A
  • posterior and lateral aspects of the knee

- tibial and femoral condyles

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9
Q

What covers the capsule of the knee joint posteriorly?

A

2 heads of gastrocnemius (inserts to achilles tendon)

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10
Q

What structure enters the capsule and attaches to the lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus?

A

Tendon of popliteus

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11
Q

Capsule covers the anterior aspect of the knee. True or False?

A

False (It is covered by 3 ligaments: lateral patellar retinaculum, medial patellar retinaculum, patellar) cannot see their separation

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12
Q

What are the EXTRACAPSULAR LIGAMENTS of the knee joint?

FOAT

A

Tibial collateral ligament
Fibular collateral ligament
Oblique popliteal ligament
Arcuate popliteal ligament

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13
Q

What are the INTRACAPSULAR LIGAMENTS of the knee joint? (A-P)

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

Posterior cruciate ligament

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14
Q

Ligament: stout, flat band, part of the capsule. Large superficial part and smaller deep part.

A

Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

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15
Q

Prevents the knee from buckling INWARD

A

Tibial collateral ligament

OUTWARD - Fibular collateral ligament

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16
Q

Tendons that pass through Tibial collateral ligament. Collectively known as ‘pes anserinus’

A

Sartorius (superior)
Gracilis
Semitendinosus

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17
Q

Ligament: Round, cord-like structure, separated from the capsule of knee joint

A

Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

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18
Q

Fibular or lateral collateral ligament is surrounded by what tendon?

A

Tendon of biceps femoris

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19
Q

Whatchu call the muscle that stabilizes the thigh?

A

Tensor fasciae latae

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20
Q

It is tensed by the tensor fasciae latae

A

Iliotibial tract (together with tendon of biceps femoris - Lateral aspect of knee joint)

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21
Q

Expansion of the tendon of semimembranosus. Reinforces the capsule agains torsional stress

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A

Oblique popliteal ligament

22
Q

Arches upward and medially over the popliteus from the head of the fibula separating the capsule from FCL

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A

Arcuate popliteal ligament

23
Q

Deep within this ligament, you can see where tibia and fibula meet

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A

Lateral collateral ligament

24
Q

2 ligaments that prevent excessive movement between tibia and fibula

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A

Medial tibiofibular ligament

Lateral tibiofibular ligament

25
Each of these ligaments runs from proximal tibia to distal femur
Cruciate ligaments
26
Both cruciate ligaments arise from this ridge
Intercondylar eminence
27
Prevents anterior displacement of tibia or posterior displacement of femur
Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament - prevents posterior displacement of tibia or anterior displacement of femur
28
Receives slips from the lateral menisci
Posterior cruciate ligament
29
Deepens the articulation between tibia and fibula. Helps in shock absorption during running and jumping.
Lateral and Medial menisci
30
Meniscus attached peripherally to the capsule - more prone to injury
Medial meniscus
31
What attaches the lateral meniscus to femur?
Meniscofemoral ligament
32
What separates the lateral meniscus from capsule - less prone to injury
Popliteal tendon
33
Range of knee flexion and extension
Flexion 0-130 | Extension 120-0
34
Flexion at the knee
L4, L5, S1, S2, hamstrings
35
Extension at the knee
L2,L3, L4, quadriceps
36
Assesses the integrity of LCL
Varus Stress Test | +) pain & gapping (normal @ 30* ; abnormal 0*
37
Assesses the integrity of MCL
Valgus stress test
38
Test for cruciate ligaments wherein you stabilize thigh and knee then push the tibia
Lachman test Anterior displacement - ACL injury Posterior displacement - PCL injury
39
Test for cruciate ligaments wherein you flex the knee and stabilize the foot.
Drawer test Mov't anteriorly - ACL injury Mov't posteriorly - PCL injury
40
What forms the ankle joint?
Tibia + Talus
41
It stabilizes the ankle joint
Fibula
42
Hinge joint that allows dorsiflexion and plantar flexion only
Ankle joint
43
Stabilizes the ankle joint medially
Deltoid (medial) ligament - large strong triangular Laterally -lateral collateral ligament
44
(4) ligaments comprising the MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (T T AT PT)
Tibionavicular Tibiocalcaneal Anterior tibiotalar Posterior tibiotalar
45
Apex of MCL is attached to?
Medial malleolus
46
Base of MCL is attached to? Front & back
Front - tuberosity of navicular bone Back - medial tubercle of talus
47
(3) ligaments comprising the LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (AT PT C)
Anterior talofibular Posterior talofibular Calcaneofibular
48
Range of motion of ankle joint
Dorsiflexion 0-35 | Plantar flexion 0-45
49
Dorsiflexion and Plantar flexion of the ankle
Dorsiflexion - L4, L5, anterior tibialis | Plantar flexion - S1, gastrocnemius, soleus
50
Test for ankle joint wherein you stabilize the neck and pull on calcaneous
Anterior drawer's test
51
Test for injury of lateral ligaments of ankle joint
Lateral talar test

ANATOMY - Bones & Ligaments of Upper Limbs (3 decks)

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