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Leg Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

what is the main weight-bearing bone of the leg

A

tibia

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2
Q

what connects the knee to the ankle

A

leg

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3
Q

what are the 4 compartments of the leg

A

anterior
lateral
superficial posterior
deep posterior

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4
Q

what motions is the anterior compartment responsible for

A

ankle dorsiflexion, subtler inversion, subtler eversion, toe extension

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5
Q

what motions in the lateral compartment responsible for

A

subtalar eversion, weak ankle plantar flexion

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6
Q

what motions is the superficial posterior compartment responsible for

A

ankle plantarflexion

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7
Q

what motions is the deep posterior compartment for

A

subtalar inversion, toe flexion

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8
Q

what 4 muscles make up the anterior compartment of the leg

A

anterior tibialis
entensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
peroneus tertius

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9
Q

what artery and nerve run in the anterior compartment

A 
anterior tibial artery
deep perineal (fibular) nerve
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10
Q

what 2 muscles make up the lateral compartment

A

peroneus (fibularis) longus

peroneus (fibularis) brevis

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11
Q

what artery and nerve run in the lateral compartment

A 
branches of perineal (fibular) artery
superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve
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12
Q

what is action of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot

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13
Q

what is action of extensor digitorum longus

A

extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexes ankle

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14
Q

what is action of extensor hallucis longus

A

extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle

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15
Q

what is the peroneus (fibularis) tertius

A

dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot

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16
Q

what does the anterior tibial artery branch off of

A

popliteal artery

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17
Q

what does the deep perineal (fibular) and superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve arise from

A

at neck of fibular from the common peroneal (fibular) nerve

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18
Q

what is the action of the peroneus (fibularis) longus

A

everts foot and plantar flexes 1st ray; weakly plantar flexes ankle

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19
Q

what is the action of the peroneus (fibularis) brevis

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A

everts foot, weakly plantar flexes ankle

20
Q

what muscles make up the superficial posterior compartment

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A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

21
Q

Is there an artery or nerve in the superficial posterior compartment

Study These Flashcards
A

NO - Perforating vessels from Posterior Tibial Artery supplies muscles; Muscles supplied by Tibial Nerve

22
Q

what is the action of the gastrocnemius

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A

plantaflexes ankle with knee extended, raises heel during walking and flexes leg at knee joint

23
Q

what nerve supplies the muscles in the superficial posterior compartment

24
Q

what is the action of the soleus

Study These Flashcards
A

plantar flexes ankle independent of knee position and steadies leg on foot

25
what is the action of the plantaris
weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing ankle and flexing the knee
26
what 4 muscles make up the deep posterior compartment
Popliteus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus
27
What arteries and nerves run in the deep posterior compartment
Posterior Tibial Artery Peroneal (Fibular) Artery also runs through this compartment, but primarily supplies the muscles of the Lateral Compartment Tibial Nerve
28
what is the action of the popilteus
Weakly flexes knee and unlocks it; in NWB it medially rotates tibia on femur; in WB it laterally rotates femur on tibia
29
what is action of the tibialis posterior
plantarflexes ankle and inverts (supinates) midfoot
30
what is the action of the flexor digitorum longus
flexes lateral four digits and plantarflexes ankle; supports longitudinal arches of foot
31
what is the action of the flexor hallucis longus
flexes great toe at all joints and weakly plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arches of foot
32
what does the fibular artery branch from
posterior tibial artery
33
where does the sural nerve branch off of and where does it supply sensation
The medial sural cutaneous branch from the Tibial Nerve usually unites with the communicating branch of Common Peroneal Nerve Supplies sensation to posterolateral leg and lateral foot
34
what is the function of the superior extensor retinacula
Functions to prevent bowstringing of tendons in anterior compartment
35
what is the function of the inferior extensor retinacula
Forms a strong loop around fibularis tertius and EDL tendons Also provides bowing restraint to TA and EHL over the anterior/medial surface
36
what is the function of the superior fibular retinacula
Binds the peroneus longus and brevis tendons to lateral malleolus Attaches from tip of lateral malleolus to calcaneus
37
what is the function of the inferior fibular retinacula
Binds peoneus longus and brevis to lateral calcaneus
38
List the muscles included in the mnemonic Tom, Dick, ANd Harry
``` Posterior to medial malleolus, from anterior to posterior: TIBIALIS Posterior Flexor DIGITORUM Longus Posterior Tibial ARTERY Tibial NERVE Flexor HALLUCIS Longus ```
39
which nerve has no direct motor innervation?
common perineal (fibular) nerve
40
What does the tibial nerve branch from and supply
Branch of Sciatic Nerve Supplies motor posterior muscles of leg knee joint Sensation to knee joint
41
What does the common peroneal (fibular) nerve branch from and supply
Branch of Sciatic Nerve No direct motor innervation Cutaneous branches supply sensation lateral skin at knee and proximal aspect of leg Sensation to knee joint
42
What does the deep peroneal (fibular) nerve branch from and supply
Branch of Common Peroneal Nerve Motor to anterior muscles of leg dorsum of foot Sensory to skin of interdigital cleft on dorsum of foot-toes 1 and 2 Sensation to ankle joint
43
What does the superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve branch from and supply
Branch of Common Peroneal Nerve Motor to Peroneus Longus and Brevis Supplies sensation to skin of distal third of anterior leg and dorsum of foot
44
what does the saphenous nerve branch off of and supply
Branch of Femoral Nerve Supplies sensation to skin of the anterior and medial side of the leg and the medial side of the foot
45
what does the sural nerve branch off of and supply
Branch from Tibial Nerve (medial sural cutaneous branch) Branch from Common Peroneal Nerve (communicating branch) Usually merge to form Sural Nerve Supplies sensation to skin of posterolateral leg and lateral foot
46
what does the lateral sural cutaneous nerve branch off of and supply
Branch of Common Peroneal Nerve Supplies skin on posterolateral leg
47
which leg muscle plantarflexes the ankle independent of knee position
soleus

Anatomy (9 decks)

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