lessom 2 powerpoint Flashcards
Nicene Creed (325 C.E.)
it is a sort of prayer saying what they believe in god
types of Christian groups
Jewish Christians
Marcionites
Gnostics
Proto-orthodox Christians
Jewish Christians
their allegiance to the Christ of God
they held poor and mean opinions concerning Christ
for they considered him a plain and common man with his superior virtue
–> Jesus was not divine, even though he was the chosen one, righteous man but nothing more
Jesus is the fruit of the intercourse of a man with Mary
–> not son of God
Believed in adoptionism, adopted by god, not of him
Marcionites
Jesus being derived from that father who is above the God that made the world
Marcion of Pontus he mutilates the Gospel which is according to Luke, removing all that is written respecting the generation of the Lord, and setting aside a great deal of the teaching of the Lord
He likewise persuaded his disciples that he himself was more worthy of credit than are those apostles who have handed down the Gospel to us, furnishing them not with the Gospel, but merely a fragment of it
there is an evil god
–> Jesus and the Jewish God have nothing in common
claimed to have uncovered the true teachings of Christianity in the writings of Paul
Marcion maintained that Paul was the true apostle to whom Christ had especially appeared after his resurrection to impart the truth of the gospel.
Gnostics
Gnostic themselves were wildly diverse with different groups believing radically different things
they believed there were 30 different gods
Gnostics had a sense that they had to come to this world from another realm and they knew they did not belong here— they were spiritual beings from the divine world above who had become entrapped in the realm of matter by the inferior God and his subordinates
The knowledge was not divulged to the masses, it was meant for the chosen Gnostics themselves
Gnostics passed on knowledge by word of mouth and claimed it could be discovered through a careful reading of the writing of the apostles
For them Jesus and christ were two different things and that christ left Jesus when he was on the cross
Proto-orthodox Christians
Forerunners of “orthodox” Christianity
Back to the Nicene Creed (325 C.E.)
against the three other groups
For them he is god and man, to which they had questions
Trinity, god manifested by 3 persons
But were they all god?
Jesus in the bible is subordinate to god the father
Roman Emperors related to the New Testament
Augustus (27 B.C.E. – 14 C.E.)
Tiberius (14 – 37 C.E.)
Claudius (41 – 51 C.E.)
Nero (54 – 68 C.E.)
Vespasian (69 – 79 C.E.)
Titus (79 – 81 C.E.)
Domitian (81 – 96 C.E.)
who did Nero blame for the roman fire
punishments were also inflicted on the Christians, a sect professing a new and mischievous religious belief
made scapegoats and punished with every refinement the notoriously depraved Christians
The Religions of the Greco-Roman World Pyramid
- The One God
- The great gods
- Daimonia, local gods
- Diving beings, demigods, immortals heroes
- humans
Roman emperors that were ruling during the lifetime of Jesus (empire 27-476 C.E)
Augustus (27 B.c.e- 14 c.e) “the most revered emperor” Jesus is born under reign
Tiberius (14-37 c.e) Jesus put to death
Caligula (37-41 c.e)
Claudius (41-51 c.e) Missionary work of christianity
emperor responsible for christian persecutions (fire in rome)
Nero
he threw christians under the bus
person responsible for the deaths of the apostles Paul and Peter
Nero
Vespasian (69-79 c.e) Jewish revolt era(66-73)
Destroyed the city of jerusalem, thousands of jews were killed, and the temple
was destroyed
Titus was his general, who destroyed the first jewish revolt, 66-70CE, we see the
arc of Titus which depicts him stealing jewish things from the temple
Domitian (81-96 c.e) Local christian persecutions in North Africa
Also ordered persecution of christians, had to honor and worship the emperor,
and the christians would not
Revelation was written when Domitian was the emperor, revelation is to
encourage christians who needed to know there was salvation coming?
What are the different criteria that are used by scholars to identify the most authentic new testament transcripts?
Age of manuscript
distribution of manuscript
considerations of style
the difficulty of reading
quality of the manuscript
