Lesson 1

Question 1

A structured database where information is stored in tables where columns represent data fields and rows represent records.

Answer 1

Relational database

Question 2

Software that maintains relational databases

Answer 2

Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS)

Question 3

Programming and query language common to many relational database management systems

Answer 3

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Question 4

A database system that stores data without the use of relational database models; also known as NoSQL

Answer 4

Non-relational database

Question 5

What are the four basic categories of NoSQL databases?

Answer 5

1. Document-oriented databases
2. Key-value stores
3. Column-oriented databases
4. Graph stores

Question 6

Store data in XML documents or JSON; flexible, can reshape data to meet the format needed for the application

Answer 6

Document-oriented databases

Question 7

Store each value with a key-value; similar to a table with just two columns: a field(key) and a value

Answer 7

Key-value stores

Question 8

Store data in columns rather than rows; can make for easier analysis in some cases

Answer 8

Column-oriented databases

Question 9

Store individual elements as nodes; more complex and focuses on the relationships between data elements

Answer 9

Graph stores

Question 10

What type of databases should you use when you need a defined structure with relationships within the data?

Answer 10

Relational database

Question 11

What is the language that is used for relational databases?

Answer 11

SQL

Question 12

Which type of database stores data in document format and uses XML or JSON?

Answer 12

Non-relational (NoSQL)

Question 13

Which type of database provides the most scalable and flexible option for web-based applications?

Answer 13

Non-relational databases (NoSQL)

Question 14

Data that is structured for optimal storage and use within a program

Answer 14

Normalized data

Question 15

Describe First Normal Form (1NF)

Answer 15

eliminates redundant information in individual tables; each set of related data is stored in a dedicated table; each table of related information will have a primary key assigned

Question 16

Describe Second Normal Form (2NF)

Answer 16

related information that is applicable to multiple tables will have its own table and be associated through the use of a foreign key

Question 17

Describe Third Normal Form (3NF)

Answer 17

eliminates fields that do not depend on a key

Question 18

A unique identifier for a record that cannot obtain duplicates and is used to reference a record

Answer 18

Primary key

Question 19

A field or fields that are primary in another table

Answer 19

Foreign key

Question 20

Describes how many possible occurrences of one entity can be associated with the number of occurrences in another

Answer 20

Cardinality

Question 21

A relationship where one record in a table is associated with only one record in another table

Answer 21

One-to-one relationship

Question 22

A relationship where one record in a table is associated with multiple records in another table or tables

Answer 22

One-to-many relationship

Question 23

A relationship where many records in a table are associated to many other records in other tables

Answer 23

Many-to-many relationship

Question 24

Established to maintain that records are not orphaned by ensuring the proper table has the key field

Answer 24

Referential integrity

Question 25

Referential integrity setting that updates all related records when the primary key is changed

Answer 25

Cascade update

Question 26

Referential integrity setting that deletes all related records when the primary key is deleted

Answer 26

Cascade delete

Question 27

Data that has not gone through a normalization process

Answer 27

Denormalized data

Question 28

Which elements of a database are necessary in order to establish relationships between tables?

Answer 28

Primary and foreign keys

Question 29

To ensure data updates effectively across tables, what can be set on the relationships between tables?

Answer 29

Cascade update

Question 30

When the design of the data forces a person to repetitively enter the same information over and over, this data would be considered ____.

Answer 30

Denormalized data

Question 31

A database architect creates a design in which a table has a primary key and associated fields. This is an example of what type of design theory?

Answer 31

Designing in the normal forms

Question 32

What are the two main components of a table design?

Answer 32

Field names and data types