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Theoretical Foundation in Nursing > LESSON 1 > Flashcards

LESSON 1 Flashcards

1
Q

“Notes on Nursing: What It Is and What It Is Not” presents the 1st nursing theory as “Environmental Theory

A

Florence Nightingale’s (1859/1992)

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2
Q

focuses on the environment for the benefit of the patient; it is the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery

A

Environmental theory

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3
Q

Operated from a biomedical model that focused primarily on what nurses do, their functional roles; patient problems/needs to be the practice focus

A

The Columbia School-The 1950s

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4
Q

consensus among nursing scholars that nursing needed to validate itself through the production of its own scientifically tested body of knowledge

A

1950s

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5
Q

Nursing practice was based on principles and traditions passed on through apprenticeship education and common sense wisdom that came with years of experience

A

The Columbia School-The 1950s

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6
Q

Introduced her Theory of Interpersonal Relations that puts emphasis on the nurse-client relationship as the foundation of nursing practice

A

Hildegard Peplau

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7
Q

conceptualized the nurse’s role as assisting sick or healthy individuals to gain independence in meeting 14 fundamental needs

A

Virginia Henderson

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8
Q

Focus is on the relationship between the nurse and the patient
Nursing practice continued to reflect vocational heritage more than professional vision

A

The Yale School – The 1960s

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9
Q

emphasized the reciprocal relationship between the patient and nurse and viewed the professional function of nursing as finding out and meeting the patient’s immediate need for help

A

Ida Jean Orlando

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10
Q

“Typology of 21 Nursing Problems” that shifted the focus of nursing from a disease-centred approach to a patient-centred one

A

Faye Abdellah

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11
Q

View nursing as a process rather than an end in itself

A

The Yale School – The 1960s

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12
Q

Their theories look at how nurses do what they do and how the patient perceives his/her situation

A

The Yale School – The 1960s

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13
Q

Transition from vocation to profession was a major turning point

A

1970s

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14
Q

research studies that tested and expanded nursing theory

A

1990s

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15
Q

changed the language of her theory from Man-Living-Health to the theory of Human Becoming

A

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

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16
Q

She explained that contemporary dictionary definition of “man” tend to be gender-based, as opposed to meaning mankind, theoretical basis of nursing

A

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

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17
Q

The philosophy and science of caring highlighted the humanistic aspects of nursing as they intertwine with scientific knowledge and nursing practice

A

Jean Watson’s Nursing:

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18
Q

Developments in nursing theory characterized a transition from the pre paradigm period to the paradigm period

A

1980s

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19
Q

Many nursing theories were revised based on the research findings that expanded them

A

1980s

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20
Q

upheld the fostering of efficient and effective behavioural functioning in the patient to prevent illness

A

Dorothy Johnson’s behavioural system model for nursing

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21
Q

states that many needs exist, and each may disrupt client balance or stability. Stress reduction is the goal of the system model of nursing practice

A

Betty Neuman’s system model of nursing practice

22
Q

“Predicated on understanding the meanings of daily lived experiences as they are perceived by the members or the participants of the science.”

A

The Future, Meleis (1992)

23
Q

Increased emphasis on the practice-orientation, or actual rather than “ought-to-be” practice

A

The Future, Meleis (1992)

24
Q

Nursing’s mission is to develop theories to empower nurses, the discipline and clients

A

The Future, Meleis (1992)

25
Q

specific to academia & refers to a branch of education, a department of learning, or a domain of knowledge

A

Discipline

26
Q

refers to a specialized field of practice, which is founded on the scientific structure of the science of knowledge of that discipline & the accompanying practice abilities

A

Profession

27
Q

Theory assists the practicing nurse to:

A
  • Organize, examine and analyse patient’s data
  • Make decisions about effective and efficient nursing interventions
  • Make a specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bounded plan of care
  • Predict and evaluate outcomes of care
28
Q

unique human science which focuses on phenomena related to health

A

Nursing science

29
Q

makes use of reason gained thru expert study, tested theory and established facts to evidently prove something. Deductive type of reasoning is used

A

Rationalism

30
Q

makes use of objective and tangible data or those that are perceived by the senses to observe and collect data. Thus, there is no knowledge that arises through reason alone

A

Empiricism

31
Q

step in the scientific method that helps people decide between two or more competing explanations – or hypotheses

A

Experimentation

32
Q

gain new knowledge as nurses strives to base their actions on evidence and scientific data

A

Experimentation

33
Q

states that positive knowledge is exclusively derived from experience of natural phenomena and their properties and relations; it encloses the use of both logical reasoning and empiricism

A

Positivism

34
Q

view that true knowledge comes from studying observable traits and actions rather than through reasoning or speculating

A

Positivism

35
Q

The theory espoused by Florence Nightingale.

A

Environmental Theory

36
Q

The period that viewed nursing is a process rather than an end to itself

A

1960s

37
Q

The era that focused on what nurses do and their functions

A

1950s

38
Q

The first nurse theorist

A

Florence Nightingale

39
Q

The period characterized by a transition from the pre paradigm period to the paradigm period

A

1980s

40
Q

is a unique human science which focuses on phenomena related to health

A

Nursing science

41
Q

is a specialized field of practice, which is founded on the scientific structure of the science of knowledge of that discipline

A

Profession

42
Q

a branch of knowledge, typically one studied in higher education

A

Discipline

43
Q

the development of theories and practical concepts for improving how clinicians and patients administer care and manage conditions

A

Nursing

44
Q

a creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful, and systematic view of phenomena

A

Nursing theory

45
Q

states that positive knowledge is exclusively derived from experience of natural phenomena and their properties and relations

A

Positivism

46
Q

It makes use of reason gained thru expert study, tested theory and established facts to evidently prove something

A

Rationalism

47
Q

It makes use of objective and tangible data or those that are perceived by the senses to observe and collect data

A

Empiricism

48
Q

It is the step in the scientific method that helps people decide between two or more competing explanations

A

Experimentation

49
Q

It is the process of two or more people or organizations working together to complete a task or achieve a goal

A

Collaboration

50
Q
  • “Nursing science is a unique human science which focuses on phenomena related to health. Unlike the natural sciences such as medicine, nursing science focuses on the quality of life for each person. Therefore, nursing science does not investigate health phenomena based on causality. Health as lived experience is investigated from the point of view of healthcare consumers.”
A

Nursing Science defined by Dr. Teruko Takahashi-Japan

51
Q
  • “The discipline of nursing requires knowledge and methods other than nursing science, but nursing science is the essence of nursing as a scholarlydiscipline;without it, there would be no nursing, only care…As a science, nursing’s richness is manifest in the availability of cutting-edge philosophies, and theories to provide guidance for practice, and a growing body of literature describing nursing theory-based practice.
A

Nursing Science defined by Dr. William K. Cody-USA

Theoretical Foundation in Nursing (4 decks)

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