lesson 1 Flashcards

(34 cards)

1
Q

involves
the investigation of the
relationship between the
structure and properties of
materials

A

Materials science

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2
Q

WHY STUDY MATERIALS SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING?

A

in-service conditions must be characterized,
deterioration of material properties
economics:

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2
Q

deals
with the modification of
structure to produce desired
set of properties.

A

Materials engineering

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3
Q

Material Structure and Properties

A

Structure
Property

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4
Q

of a material usually
relates to the arrangement of its
internal components

A

Structure

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5
Q

is a material trait in terms
of the kind and magnitude of
response to a specific imposed
stimulus.

A

Property

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6
Q

Properties of Materials

A

Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Magnetic
Optical
Deteriorative

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6
Q

hardness, tensile
strength, malleability

A

Mechanical

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7
Q

electric conductivity

A

Electrical

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8
Q

thermal conductivity

A

Thermal

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9
Q

paramagnetism,
diamagnetism

A

Magnetic

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10
Q

refraction, absorption,
reflection

A

Optical

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11
Q

corrosion
resistance

A

Deteriorative

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12
Q

FOUR COMPONENTS OF Mat Sci and Eng’g

A

PROCESSING
STRUCTURE
PROPERTY
PERFORMANCE

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13
Q

Classification of Materials

A

METALS
CERAMICS
POLYMERS
COMPOSITES

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14
Q

Materials in this group
are composed of one or
more metallic elements
and often also
non-metallic elements
in relatively
small amounts.

15
Q

are compounds between metallic and non-metallic elements; they are most
frequently oxides, nitrides, and carbides.

16
Q

common ceramic materials include

A

aluminium oxide
silicon dioxide
silicon carbide
silicon nitride

17
Q

include the familiar plastic and rubber materials. Many of them are organic
compounds that are chemically based on carbon, hydrogen, and other nonmetallic elements

17
Q

ceramic materials are relatively
_____ and _____—stiffness and strengths are comparable to those of the metals.
they are typically very hard and are highly susceptible to _____

A

1.stiff and strong to fracture

18
Q

mechanical characteristics are generally dissimilar to the metallic and ceramic materials—they
are not as stiff nor as strong as these other material types

19
Q

is composed of two (or more) individual materials, which come
from the categories previously discussed—metals, ceramics, and polymers.

20
Q

fiberglass is

A

stiff, strong, flexible and low
density

21
Q

These materials typically have low densities

22
Materials that are utilized in high-technology (or high-tech) applications are sometimes termed
Advanced Materials
23
have electrical properties that are intermediate between the electrical conductors (i.e., metals and metal alloys) and insulators (i.e., ceramics and polymers)
Semiconductors
24
are employed in components implanted into the human body to replace diseased or damaged body parts. These materials must not produce toxic substances and must be compatible with body tissues (i.e., must not cause adverse biological reactions).
Biomaterials
25
materials are a group of new and state-of-the-art materials now being developed that will have a significant influence on many of our technologies.
Smart Materials
26
may be called upon to change shape, position, natural frequency, or mechanical characteristics in response to changes in temperature, electric fields, and/or magnetic fields
Actuators
27
may be any one of the four basic types—metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. However, unlike these other materials, they are not distinguished on the basis of their chemistry, but rather, size;
Nanomaterials
28
– good conductors of electricity and heat
METALS
29
low thermal and electrical conductivity, brittle
CERAMICS
30
low electrical conductivities and are nonmagnetic
POLYMERS
31