Lesson 1

Question 1

• From the greek work “Oikos” which means house

• It is the study of houses or habitats or more broadly, of organisms qnd their relationship to their environment.

• The study of structure and function of nature

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

• Includes all different organisms living in a certain area along with their physical environment

Answer 2

Ecosystem

Question 3

Parts of the ecosystem

Answer 3

Biotic and Abiotic

Question 4

Non-living

Answer 4

Abiotic

Question 5

Living

Answer 5

Biotic

Question 6

Example of abiotic ecosystem

Answer 6

• Climate
• Non- living things
• sunlight
• Temperature
• Nutrient enrichment
• Humidity
• Soil

Question 7

Examples of Biotic ecosystem

Answer 7

• Organic matter
• Living things
• oysters
• Blue Crabs
• zooplankton
• Phytoplankton
• Jellyfish

Question 8

General characteristic of an ecosystem
The ecosystem is a major structural and functional unit of ________.

Answer 8

Ecology

Question 9

General Characteristic of an ecosystem

True or False
Alterations in the environment represent selective pressures upon the population to which it must adjust.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

General Characteristic of an ecosystem

True or False
The relative amount of energy required to maintain an ecosystem depends on its structure.

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

Aspects of ecosystem

Structural aspect

Answer 11

a. Description of the arrangement

b. Types and numbers of species and their life histories

Question 12

Aspects of ecosystem

Functional aspects

Answer 12

A. Flow of energy

B. Cycling of materials

Question 13

Relationship among organisms
Other kind of relationship

Answer 13

Effects
Competition
Neutralism
Protoco- operation and mutualism

Question 14

Relationship among organisms

Answer 14

Species may aggregate or separate or show random relationships to one another.

Question 15

Components of an ecosystem

Answer 15

• Solar energy
• Producers (plants)
• consumers (Plants, insects, and animals)
• Decomposers (Bacteria and fungi)
• Nutrients (important for growth- carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, minerals

Question 16

The smallest unit of classification for biological organism

Answer 16

Species

Question 17

Species that are alike in structure and functions individual of the same species can breed with each other

Answer 17

Individual

Question 18

*The place where organisms can meet the need of specific conditions to survive and reproduce**

Answer 18

Habitat

Question 19

It’s the way of life or role a species pursues within its habitat

Answer 19

Niche

Question 20

An organisms niche is composed of both _____ and _____ parts

Answer 20

Biotic and abiotic

Question 21

Everything that takes up space and has mass; with three interchangeable physical forms or phase: solid 🤙, liquid, gas

Answer 21

Matter

Question 22

It is the capacity to do work

Answer 22

Energy

Question 23

Major categories of the trophic level

Answer 23

• Producers or Autothrops
• Consumers or Heterothrops
• Decomposers

Question 24

Various types of energy

Answer 24

• Gross energy intake
• Excretory energy
• Existence energy
• productive energy

Question 25

Definition of Food chain

Answer 25

The transfer of energy from plants through a series of organisms

Question 26

Types of food chain

Answer 26

• Grazing food chain • Detrital food chain

Question 27

Links in the food chain

Answer 27

1. Primary consumer 2. Secondary consumer 3. Tertiary consumer

Question 28

A series of overlapping food chain

Answer 28

Food web

Question 29

example of primary consumers

Answer 29

Herbivores (animals that eat producers)

Question 30

They are the secondary and tertiary consumers

Answer 30

Carnivores (Animals that eat other animals)

Question 31

Always present in the food chain to break down remains of dead plants and animals

Answer 31

Decomposers

Question 32

Animals that eat both producers and consumers

Answer 32

Omnivores

Question 33

Animals that eat, hunt, or kill other livings for food

Answer 33

Predators *(The animals they hunt are the prey)*

Question 34

They seek out the dead remains of dead organisms to eat

Answer 34

Scavengers

Question 35

It is the process which carbon is recycled between the atmosphere and living things

Answer 35

The Carbon Cycle

Question 36

Define the Nitrogen cycle

Answer 36

It is the continuous trapping of nitrogen gas into compound in the soil and returning of nitrogen gas into the air

Question 37

Five steps of phosphorus cycle

Answer 37

1. Weathering 2. Mineralization 3. Assimilation by animals 4. Decomposition by microorganisms 5. Geological uplift by tectonic movements