Lesson 1 Flashcards
branches of science
- natural science
- social science
branches under natural science
- biology
- ecology
- earth science
- physics
- meteorology
- botany
- zoology
- physical science
- chemistry
- geology
branches under social science
- psychology
- sociology
science is the….
pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence
science is the ____ and _____ inquiry into the natural world and its phenomena
- systematic
- organized
acc to Richard Feynman, science is a culture of _____
doubt
primary aim of science
to collect facts (data)
ultimate purpose of science
to discern the order that exists between and amongst the various facts
technology came from the greek word ____ which means art or craft
tekhne
“systematic treatment” in Greek
tekhnologia
technology is the _____ process of creating means to order and transform matter, energy, and information to realize certain valued ends
rational
give one definition of technology
technology is a subset of related technological objects and knowledge
a group of people involved with each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations
society
an American sociologist known for contributions to the sociology of religion, social inequality, and ecological-evolutionary social theory
Gerhard Lenski
theory contributed by Gerhard Lenski
ecological-evolutionary social theory
Lenski defined societies in terms of their _______
technological sophistication
2 types of sociocultural change
- innovation
- extinction
involves adding new elements such as technologies, social practices, institutions, or beliefs to the system
innovation
elimination of old elements in the system
extinction
7 types of societies
- hunter-gatherer
- pastoral
- horticultural
- agricultural
- feudal
- industrial
- information
most dependent in the environment
hunter-gatherer
rely on domestication of animals
pastoral
people grow and cultivate plants
horticultural
explosion of new technology made farming possible
agricultural
