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UTS L1-2 > Lesson 1-2 > Flashcards

Lesson 1-2 Flashcards

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1
Q

deals with the nature of identity, as well as the factors and forces that affect the development and maintenance of personal identity.

A

understanding the self

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2
Q

is intended to facilitate the exploration of the issues and concerns regarding self and identity to arrive at a better understanding of one’s self.

A

understanding the self

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3
Q

“SELF-UNDERSTANDING IS A LIFETIME ENDEAVOUR. IT IS NOT A WEEKEND SEMINAR. IT DOES NOT COME IN CAPSULE FORM.”

A

VIRONIKA TUGALEVA, THE ART OF TALKING TO YOURSELF

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4
Q

is crucial and it takes time and effort.

A

understanding the self

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5
Q

Many people are trying to understand themselves in a context of isolation and vagueness.

A

understanding the self

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6
Q

But according to Baumeister (2011):

A
  1. Self is a knowledge structure.
  2. Self is an interpersonal being.
  3. Self is an agent with executive function.
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7
Q

For him, the self is a knowledge structure, an interpersonal being, and an agent with executive function.

A

Baumeister

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8
Q

Scholars from various disciplines have attempted to explain and completely expound on a variety of questions and conflicts concerning the nature, existence, and dimensionality of the self.

A

understanding the self

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9
Q

The most common self-related concerns:

A

1.nature vs. nurture
2. identity vs. self
3. dimensions of the self.

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10
Q

The natural basis of the self is anchored on biology and explains that human traits are passed from one generation to another.

A

NATURE

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11
Q

Genes and hereditary factors: physical appearance, personality, characteristics.

A

NATURE

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12
Q
A

NURTURE

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13
Q

Argues that the self should be principally viewed as an outcome of various nurturing factors in the context of one’s life.

A

NURTURE

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

An individual’s sense of self is defined by (a) a set of physical, psychological, and interpersonal characteristics that are not wholly shared with any other person and (b) a range of affiliations (e.g., ethnicity) and social roles.

A

IDENTITY

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16
Q

Identities are the traits and characteristics, social relations, roles, and social group memberships that define who one is.

A

IDENTITY

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17
Q

The totality of the individual consists of all characteristic attributes, conscious and unconscious, mental and physical.

A

SELF

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18
Q

refers to a person’s overall attributes or qualities, both known and unknown to others (but known to oneself).

A

SELF

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19
Q

FACTORS THAT AFFECTING THE SELF

A
  • Environmental Factor
  • Social Factor
  • Cultural Heritage
  • Factor Ethnic
  • Group Factor
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20
Q

Heredity is the sum of all the traits passed on through genes from parents to children.

A

HEREDITARY FACTOR

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21
Q

HEREDITARY FACTOR EXAMPLE:

A

Ex: Skin, height, hair, mental abilities, eye color, body build, physical abilities.

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22
Q

Heredity causes both similarities and differences in people.

A

HEREDITARY FACTOR

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23
Q

Everything in your surrounding is part of your environment. You had little control over your surroundings as an infant, but have more autonomy as you get older. And you will most likely be able to control your environment over time.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR

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24
Q

You have two different types of environments that have a significant impact on your personal growth:

A

Psychological and Physical Environments.

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25
It is composed of attitudes expressed by people around you.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
26
Includes: Feelings and beliefs of your family members, teachers, classmates, and friends.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
27
One main factor would be where you live…Farm, city, small town… Everyone experienced different environments. You had little control while with your parents but will be able to choose where you want to live later in life.
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
28
It refers to the impact of important persons in one's life. It largely comprises the family, which shapes the majority of an individual's basic attitudes and behaviors. Many social scientists refer to it as the "nursery of human nature."
SOCIAL FACTOR
29
In this social group, an individual does not only acquire biological characteristics (through heredity) but also learn, both directly and indirectly, certain behaviors and characters.
SOCIAL FACTOR
30
Consists of acquired behaviors, beliefs, and languages passed down from generation to generation. Your culture is defined by the foods you eat, the festivals you celebrate, and the traditions you follow.
CULTURE HERITAGE
31
Made up of individuals who shared racial and/or cultural features such as racial background, language, religion, and customs.
ETHNIC GROUP
32
EXAMPLES OF ETHNIC GROUP
* MAGUINDANAO * TAUSUG * ILOCANO * KAPAMPANGAN * BICOLANO * CEBUANO
33
pursuit of wisdom
PHILOSOPHY
34
a search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means.
PHILOSOPHY
35
The union of elements (such as body, emotions, thoughts, and sensations) that constitute the individuality and identity of a person.
SELF
36
Philosophy of the self has been defined through two distinct lenses:
Rationalism and Empiricism.
36
The reason is the fundamental and superior source of understanding about reality.
RATIONALISM
37
Sense experience is an inaccurate and insufficient path to knowledge.
RATIONALISM
38
Fundamental world concepts can be known a priori: they are either innate or self-evident to consciousness.
RATIONALISM
39
Sense experience is the only source of authentic knowledge about the world. Unless it is founded on the solid bedrock of sense experience, the reason is an untrustworthy and inadequate path to knowledge.
EMPIRICISM
40
There is no such thing as innate knowledge because knowledge is gained via experience.
EMPIRICISM
41
The mind before experience is a tabula rasa, a blank slate.
EMPIRICISM
42
CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY
SOCRATES, PLATO,
43
Concerned with the problem of the self.
SOCRATES
44
Dualistic - every man is composed of body and soul
SOCRATES
45
Self-knowledge is the ultimate virtue. As the ultimate virtue, it will lead to ultimate happiness.
SOCRATES
46
Once the soul comes into the material world, he forgot everything.
SOCRATES
47
Once the soul comes into the material world, he forgot everything. this knowledge is brought out by?
SOCRATIC APPROACH
48
"The unexamined life is not worth living." "One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing."
SOCRATES
49
Founded the Academy (prototype of Today's University)
PLATO
50
The dichotomy between the ideal (World of Forms) and the material world.
PLATO
50
believed that man is composed of body and soul.
PLATO
51
SOUL -most divine aspect of the self (intellectual aspect).
PLATO
52
most divine aspect of the self
SOUL
53
Three components of the soul:
rational, spirited, appetitive
54
uses reason.
rational
55
in charge of emotions.
Spirited
56
Moral virtue is rooted in the intellect and leads to happiness.
PLATO
57
pursue desires.
3. Appetitive
58
Wisdom and knowledge lead to virtue which will lead to happiness.
PLATO
59
_____ lead to virtue which will lead to happiness.
WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE
60
____ is rooted in the intellect and leads to happiness.
MORAL VIRTUE
61
MIDDLE AGE AND RENAISSANCE
ST. AUGUSTINE, RENE DESCARTES, JOHN LOCKE
62
“Let him that would move the world first move himself.”
PLATO
63
TWO ASPECTS OF BIFURCATED NATURE:
1. Imperfect (earthly) 2. capable of reaching immortality
63
Man is of a bifurcated nature.
ST. AUGUSTINE
64
Goal of the person: To attain communion with the divine.
ST. AUGUSTINE
65
World of Materials (temporary)
ST. AUGUSTINE
66
Real world (one where God is)
ST. AUGUSTINE
67
All knowledge leads to God. - Only the pure in heart can see God.
ST. AUGUSTINE
68
Love of God, faith in Him, and understanding of His Gospel will ultimately lead to happiness.
ST. AUGUSTINE
69
Father of Modern Philosophy
RENE DESCARTES
70
"I think, therefore, I am."
RENE DESCARTES
71
Doubts the existence of his own physical body.
RENE DESCARTES
72
The mind and soul can exist without the body.
RENE DESCARTES
73
Establishing the distinction of soul from the body can make people believe in the afterlife and the soul's immortality.
RENE DESCARTES
74
Our identity is not locked in the mind, soul or body only.
JOHN LOCKE
75
He included the concept of person's memory.
JOHN LOCKE
76
It is in consciousness alone that identity exists, not in the body and soul.
JOHN LOCKE
77
There is a distinction between man and person.
JOHN LOCKE
78
Identity is explained in terms of psychological connection between life stages.
JOHN LOCKE
79
The soul may change, but consciousness remains intact.
JOHN LOCKE
80
Tabula Rasa
JOHN LOCKE
81
MODERN TIMES
SIGMUND FREUD, GILBERT RYLE, MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY
82
The ego is not master in its own house.
SIGMUND FREUD
82
Man is governed by 2 drives: eros (life drive) Thanatos (death drive)
SIGMUND FREUD
83
Three provinces of the mind: id, ego, superego
SIGMUND FREUD
84
Man is governed by 2 drives:
eros (life drive) Thanatos (death drive)
85
Three provinces of the mind:
id, ego, superego
86
FREUD’S VIEW OF THE HUMAN MIND: THE MENTAL ICEBERG
CONSCIOUS LEVEL , SUBCONSCIOUS LEVEL, UNCONSCIOUS LEVEL
87
CONSCIOUS LEVEL
* Thoughts * Perceptions
88
SUBCONSCIOUS LEVEL
* Memories * Stored knowledge
89
UNCONSCIOUS LEVEL
* Fears * Violent motives * Unacceptable sexual desires * Irrational wishes * Immoral urges * Shameful experiences * Selfish needs
90
"I act, therefore, I am."
GILBERT RYLE
91
His philosophy focuses on language.
GILBERT RYLE
92
For him, philosophical difficulties arose solely because of linguistic difficulties caused by misinterpretation, misunderstanding, and so on.
GILBERT RYLE
93
Denies the existence of internal, non-physical self.
GILBERT RYLE
94
The mind is not the seat of the self.
GILBERT RYLE
95
It is not a separate, parallel thing to our physical body.
GILBERT RYLE
96
The self is NOT an entity once can locate. It is a name we use to refer to all behavior.
GILBERT RYLE
97
both empiricism and intellectualism are flawed in nature.
MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY
98
"We are our bodies."
MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY
99
Our bodily experiences do not detach the subject/object, mind/body, rational/irrational.
MAURICE MERLAUCE-PONTY

UTS L1-2 (1 decks)

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