lesson 1-3 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What did scientists initially assume about atoms?
Atoms were like balls following classical mechanics.
Why was classical mechanics found inadequate for explaining atoms?
It could not explain stability or how forces hold atoms together.
What is quantum mechanics?
The study of motion of minute entities, like electrons, in relation to waves and specific energy amounts.
How do electrons behave according to quantum mechanics?
Electrons are particles with wavelike properties and high kinetic energy.
What prevents electrons from collapsing into the nucleus?
High kinetic energy as they revolve around the nucleus.
Who were the three key scientists in developing the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg, and Erwin Schrödinger.
What limitation did Bohr’s model have regarding atomic properties?
It did not establish a definite trend in chemical properties with changes in atomic number.
What aspect of atomic behavior did Bohr’s model fail to explain?
Why different groups of elements have unique properties.
Fill in the blank: Bohr’s model did not explain why electrons will not ______ toward the nucleus.
collapse
What did Bohr’s model fail to address regarding atomic bonds?
It did not explain the presence of bonds among different elements.
What is the principal energy level (n)?
The region in space occupied by a single electron, represented as integers 1, 2, 3, etc.
What is the relationship between an electron’s distance from the nucleus and its energy level?
Closer to the nucleus = lower energy; farther = higher energy.
Who proposed the dual nature of matter?
Louis de Broglie.
What phenomenon demonstrated the dual nature of electrons?
Diffraction patterns when electrons pass through a narrow opening.
True or False: Every atom has a principal energy level.
True.
What are subshells in the context of atomic structure?
Divisions of energy levels that account for electron distribution.
