Lesson 1: MED107 Flashcards
(163 cards)
1
Q
What do Latin words typically describe in medical terminology?
A
Anatomy and physiological functions
2
Q
What do Greek words typically describe in medical terminology?
A
Clinical and pathological terminology
3
Q
What does the prefix ‘Electro-‘ refer to in medical terms?
A
Electricity
4
Q
What does the combining vowel ‘o’ do in medical terminology?
A
Connects root words for easier pronunciation
5
Q
What does the word root ‘cardi-‘ refer to?
A
Heart
6
Q
What does the suffix ‘-gram’ mean?
A
A record or recording
7
Q
What is the meaning of the word root ‘gastr/o’?
A
Stomach
8
Q
What is an eponym?
A
A term that honors the person who identified a disease or developed a technique
9
Q
What is an example of an acronym in medical terminology?
A
AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
10
Q
What does the prefix ‘sub-‘ indicate?
A
Location and means under
11
Q
What does ‘sublingual’ mean?
A
Under the tongue
12
Q
What does the prefix ‘post-‘ indicate?
A
Time and means after
13
Q
What does ‘postoperative’ mean?
A
After surgery
14
Q
What does the prefix ‘mono-‘ mean?
A
One or single
15
Q
What is a monocyte?
A
A type of white blood cell with a single nucleus
16
Q
What does the prefix ‘tachy-‘ mean?
A
Fast
17
Q
What is tachycardia?
A
Abnormally fast heart rate
18
Q
What does the prefix ‘end-‘ indicate?
A
Within or inside
19
Q
What does ‘endarterial’ mean?
A
Pertaining to within an artery
20
Q
What does the prefix ‘neo-‘ indicate?
A
Something new
21
Q
What is neonatology?
A
The study of disorders of the newborn
22
Q
What does the prefix ‘dys-‘ mean?
A
Bad, difficult, or painful
23
Q
What is dysphagia?
A
Difficulty swallowing
24
Q
What does the prefix ‘eu-‘ mean?
A
Good, normal, well, or easy
25
What is euphoria?
A feeling of well-being
26
What does the prefix 'inter-' mean?
Between or among
27
What is intercostal?
Between ribs
28
What does the prefix 'intra-' mean?
Within or inside
29
What is intravenous?
Within a vein
30
What does the prefix 'hyper-' mean?
Excessive or above
31
What is hypertension?
High blood pressure
32
What does the prefix 'hypo-' mean?
Under or below
33
What is hypothermia?
Body temperature below normal
34
What does the prefix 'ab-' mean?
Toward or in the direction of
35
What is abduct?
Movement away from the midline
36
What does the prefix 'ad-' mean?
Away from
37
What is adduction?
Movement toward the midline
38
What does 'sub-' mean in medical terms?
Above or excessive
39
What is subdermal?
Below the skin
40
What do 'super-' and 'supra-' indicate?
Less, under, or below
41
What is supraspinatus?
Muscle above the spine of the scapula
42
What does the prefix 'pre-' mean?
Before
43
What is prenatal?
Before birth
44
What does the prefix 'negation' indicate?
The opposite
45
What does 'aseptic' mean?
Without infection
46
What does 'anemia' mean?
Without blood
47
What does 'antibiotic' mean?
Against infection
48
What does 'non-' indicate?
Not
49
What is noninvasive?
Not involving skin penetration
50
What does 'contra-' mean?
Against or opposite
51
What is contraindication?
Indicated against or should not be done
52
What does 'trans-' mean?
Through
53
What is transdermal?
Through the skin
54
What does 'mis-' mean?
Incorrect
55
What is misdiagnosis?
Incorrect diagnosis
56
What are word roots in medical terminology?
Fundamental part of a word containing its primary meaning
57
What does 'erythrocyte' mean?
Mature red blood cell
58
What does the word root 'poli/o' mean?
Grey
59
What does the word root 'myel' refer to?
Spinal cord
60
What does cyanosis mean?
Blue discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen
61
What does the combining vowel typically used?
Typically the letter 'o'
62
When are combining vowels used?
Between two root words
63
What is cardiomyopathy?
Condition involving the heart muscle
64
When are combining vowels omitted?
When the suffix begins with a vowel
65
What is an example of a suffix indicating a procedure?
-centesis (surgical puncture)
66
What is an example of a suffix indicating a condition?
-itis (inflammation)
67
What does '-algia' mean?
Pain and suffering
68
What does '-megaly' mean?
Enlargement
69
What does '-oma' indicate?
Tumor or mass
70
What does '-rrhage' mean?
Excessive flow of blood
71
What is the meaning of '-rrhea'?
Flow or discharge of fluid
72
What does '-stenosis' mean?
Abnormal narrowing
73
What does '-pathy' mean?
Disease or disorder
74
What does 'hysterosalpingooopherectomy' mean?
Surgical removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
75
What is the order for dissecting medical terms?
Suffix, prefix, word root(s)
76
What is essential for forming a medical term?
A word root and suffix
77
What does 'Hx' stand for in medical notation?
History
78
What does 'Tx' stand for?
Treatment
79
What does 'Dx' stand for?
Diagnosis
80
What does 'Sx' stand for?
Symptoms
81
What does 'DNR' mean?
Do not resuscitate
82
What does 'NPO' mean?
Nothing by mouth
83
What does 'STAT' mean?
Immediately
84
What does 'IV' stand for?
Intravenous
85
What does 'IM' stand for?
Intramuscular
86
What does 'PO' mean?
By mouth
87
What does 'SL' stand for?
Sublingual
88
What is a common challenge with medical terminology?
Spelling is important; one wrong letter can change the meaning
89
What does 'acute' mean in medical terms?
A condition with rapid onset and a short, severe course
90
What is the definition of 'AIDS'?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
91
What is the function of alveoli?
Air sacs in the lung
92
What is Alzheimer's disease?
A progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss
93
What describes a condition with a rapid onset and a short, severe course?
Acute condition
94
What does AIDS stand for?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
95
What is AIDS caused by?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
96
What are alveolus/alveoli?
Air sac(s) in the lung
97
What is Alzheimer’s Disease characterized by?
Memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes
98
Who first described Alzheimer’s Disease?
Dr. Alois Alzheimer
99
What is angiography?
An imaging technique to visualize blood vessels
100
What is the appendix?
A structure in the intestine
101
What is arthritis?
Inflammation of the joints
102
What is arthroscopy?
A procedure to examine and treat the inside of a joint using a small camera
103
What does autoimmune refer to?
A condition in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues
104
What is autolysis?
Self-digestion or self-destruction of cells or tissues by their own enzymes
105
What is cardiomyopathy?
Disease of the heart muscle
106
What describes a chronic condition?
Long-lasting and persistent, often lasting for months or years
107
What is diagnosis?
Identification of disease(s)
108
What is differential diagnosis?
Process of distinguishing a disease or condition from others that present with similar symptoms
109
What are diverticulum/diverticula?
Small pouch(es) in the intestine
110
What does edema refer to?
Swelling
111
What does endarterial pertain to?
Within an artery
112
What is an eponym?
A term derived from the name of a person associated with a particular condition
113
What does erythema mean?
Redness
114
What is an erythrocyte?
Mature red blood cell
115
What is exudate?
Fluid that leaks from a wound
116
What is a fissure?
Groove or crack-like sore
117
What is a fistula?
Abnormal passage between two organs or organ to surface of body
118
What is a ganglion/ganglia?
Nerve cell body or cluster of bodies
119
What does gastalgia refer to?
Stomachache
120
What is gastroenteritis?
Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
121
What is gastrology?
The study of the stomach
122
What is a hepatocyte?
Liver cell
123
What does hepatomegaly mean?
Abnormal enlargement of the liver
124
What does hyperthermia refer to?
Heat
125
What is hysterosalpingooopherectomy?
Complete hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries)
126
What is the ileum?
Last and longest portion of the small intestine
127
What is the ilium?
The uppermost and largest part of the hip bone
128
What are index/indices?
Measurement(s)
129
What is an infection?
Invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism
130
What does inflammation refer to?
A localized response to injury or destruction of tissues
131
What does interstitial mean?
Pertaining to the spaces within a tissue or organ
132
What is a laceration?
A torn or jagged wound or cut
133
What does LASER stand for?
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
134
What is a lesion?
Pathologic change of the tissue due to disease or injury
135
What is lithotomy?
Surgical removal of a stone or a patient position with legs flexed at the hips and knees
136
What does malaise refer to?
General discomfort or uneasiness
137
What is meningitis?
Inflammation of the meninx/meninges
138
What is a monocyte?
A white blood cell with a single nucleus
139
What are mucous membranes?
Membranes that line the body cavities
140
What is mucus?
Fluid secreted by mucous membranes
141
What is otolaryngology?
A branch of medicine that specializes in disorders of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT)
142
What is palpation?
Technique of examining parts of the body by feeling with the hands
143
What does palpitation refer to?
Pounding or racing heart
144
What is a phalanx/phalanges?
Finger or toe bone(s)
145
What is poliomyelitis commonly known as?
Polio
146
What does postoperative mean?
After surgery
147
What is a prefix in medical terminology?
A word element placed at the beginning of a word to modify its meaning
148
What is prognosis?
Likely course and outcome of a disease or condition
149
What does pyrosis refer to?
Heartburn
150
What is remission?
Period during which the symptoms of a disease reduce or disappear entirely
151
What is sarcolemma?
The cell membrane surrounding a muscle fiber
152
What is a sign in medical terms?
Objective indication of a disease or condition observed by a healthcare professional
153
What does sublingual mean?
Under the tongue
154
What does supination refer to?
Rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward
155
What is suppuration?
Formation of pus
156
What is a symptom?
Subjective indication of a disease or condition experienced by the patient
157
What is a syndrome?
A set of signs and symptoms occurring together
158
What does tachycardia mean?
Abnormally fast heart rate
159
What is trauma?
Wound or injury
160
What is triage?
Medical screening of patients
161
What is a vertebra/vertebrae?
Backbone(s)
162
What does viral pertain to?
A virus
163
What does virile mean?
Having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
