Lesson 1 (Part 1)

Question 1

Different cultures and varying environments tend to create ____________

Answer 1

different perceptions of the “self”

Question 2

___________ mostly talk about their relationships with people.

Answer 2

Easterners

Question 3

______________ would talk about their personal characteristics because they highlight how separate they are from other people and consider themselves unique individuals.

Answer 3

Westerners

Question 4

The process of introspection and reflection, man begins to search for clues as to the probable purpose of his existence and the role he plays in the general order of the things of the world

Answer 4

INDIVIDUALISTIC SELF

Question 5

philosophy of life emphasizing the priority of the person’s needs over the group.

Answer 5

INDIVIDUALISM

Question 6

the person gives priority to personal goals.

Answer 6

Individualism

Question 7

2 types of individualism:

Answer 7

Egoistical individualism
Developmental Individualism

Question 8

individual freedom is associated with self-interest and self-reliance.

Answer 8

Egoistical individualism

Question 9

individual freedom is linked to human flourishing.

Answer 9

Developmental Individualism

Question 10

The identity of the individual is lost and does not exist except as a part of the group.

Answer 10

Collective Self

Question 11

In the collective self, the ____________ control how the group members should think, act and generally conduct themselves in society.

Answer 11

family and the society

Question 12

preference for a tightly knit social framework in which a person can expect their family and other relatives of the social group to look after them in exchange for unquestioned loyalty.

Answer 12

Collectivism

Question 13

Collectivism has a distinction between personal and group goals. However, if they make a distinction, collectivists ____________

Answer 13

minimize the personal goals to the collective good.

Question 14

What Confucius said?

Answer 14

“The parent’s age must be remembered, both for joy and anxiety”

Question 15

Another Confucius name was known in the west?

Answer 15

Kong Zhongni

Question 16

Born in the period of the Zhou dynasty( characterized by political, social, and moral disintegration in China) in 551 BCE in the small state of Lu.

Answer 16

Confucius

Question 17

A ______________, of how one should properly act according to their relationship with other people, thus, it is also focused on having a harmonious social life.

Answer 17

code of ethical conduct

Question 18

possible when people accept their place in society

Answer 18

Harmony in society

Question 19

Appropriate value for Father/Son

Answer 19

Filial Piety

Question 20

Appropriate value for Ruler/Subject

Answer 20

Loyalty

Question 21

Appropriate value for Brother/Brother

Answer 21

Brotherliness

Question 22

Appropriate value for Husband/Wife

Answer 22

Love & Obedience

Question 23

Appropriate value for Friend/Friend

Answer 23

Faithfulness

Question 24

ultimate purpose of life, but the characteristics of a chun-tzu, a man of virtue or noble character, is still embedded in his/her social relationships.

Answer 24

Self-cultivation

Question 25

The cultivated self in Confucianism is what some scholars call a ____________

Answer 25

subdued self

Question 26

the center of the philosophical concept of Confucianism. It can also be understood as human goodness. It involves feelings and thinking which serve as the foundation of all human relationships. Further signifies the Chinese culture’s emphasis on feelings (heart) as the most important instead of the head in human nature.

Answer 26

Ren

Question 27

Ren can be manifested into three(3):

Answer 27

Li (propriety) Xiao (filiality) Yi (rightness)

Question 28

rules that guide human actions. It involves ______ to the rituals of the community.

Answer 28

Li (propriety) adherence

Question 29

In connection with the Li, Confucius stated

Answer 29

“ to master oneself and return to propriety is humanity”.

Question 30

the virtue of reverence and respect for family.

Answer 30

Xiao (filiality)

Question 31

In xiao, ____ should be revered for the life they have given. ____ should show respect to their parents by exerting efforts to take care of themselves.

Answer 31

Parents Children

Question 32

____________ is a reflection of the person.

Answer 32

The family

Question 33

How the person interacts socially and the values he emulates can all be traced back to his _____________.

Answer 33

family environment.

Question 34

This forms the basis of the person’s moral and social virtue.

Answer 34

Xiao (filiality)

Question 35

the right way of behaving. It is unconditional and absolute.

Answer 35

Yi (rightness)

Question 36

In Yi, actions must be performed and carried out because they are the ________

Answer 36

right actions

Question 37

In yi, ___________ is expected of children because it is morally right and obligatory to do so.

Answer 37

Obedience to parents

Question 38

emphasized that actions should be performed because they are right and not for the selfish benefits that they provide

Answer 38

Confucius

Question 39

virtues observed in a person whose humanity is developed, morally cultivated and aware.

Answer 39

Li, Xiao, and Yi

Question 40

(also called Daoism) is a religion and a philosophy from ancient China that has influenced folk and national belief.

Answer 40

TAOISM

Question 41

Taoism has been connected to the philosopher ___________, who around 500 B.C.E. wrote the main bible of Taoists

Answer 41

Lao Tzu

Question 42

main bible of Taoists

Answer 42

Tao Te Ching

Question 43

associated with the teachings of Laozi (or Lao Tzu), a legendary figure attributed to the authorship of the foundational Taoist

Answer 43

Tao Te Ching (or Dao De Jing)

Question 44

holds that humans and animals should live in balance with the Tao, or the universe. It rejects the hierarchy and strictness brought by Confucianism and would prefer a simple lifestyle.

Answer 44

Taoism

Question 45

In Taosim, _________ is not just an extension of the family or the community; it is part of the universe, one of the forms and manifestations of the Tao (Ho 1995).

Answer 45

The self

Question 46

In Taoism, ___________ is selflessness, but this is not forgetting about the self, it is living a balanced life with society and nature

Answer 46

The ideal self

Question 47

most important of all Taoist symbols, represents the movement of heaven or the Tao

Answer 47

Ying-Yang dyagram

Question 48

In Ying-Yang dyagram, the small opposing dots in each area to represent the ______________

Answer 48

the fact that in all evil there exists some good, while in all the good there exists some evil. Also, it represents dark and bright, night and day, dry and moist, aggressive and passive; sun and rain.

Question 49

the creator of pakua

Answer 49

Fu-hsi

Question 50

one of the Chinese cultural heroes. The eight triagrams that constitutes the inner structure of the sixty-four hexagrams of I-Ching

Answer 50

Pakua

Question 51

one of the Yang symbols, represents the power, sage or saint

Answer 51

dragon

Question 52

considers society and its communities as the main source of values for both human beings and society in general

Answer 52

humanistic social philosophy