Lesson 10 - Musculoskeletal System

Question 0

arthrocentesis

Answer 0

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space.

Question 1

artritis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the joints.

Question 2

arthrodesis

Answer 2

Bones are fused across the joint space by surgery. Usually done when a joint is very painful, unstable, or chronically infected.

Question 3

arthroplasty

Answer 3

Surgical repair of a joint.

Question 4

atrophy

Answer 4

(-trophy=development; nourishment) To waste away.

Question 5

bone (oste/o)

Answer 5

Dense, hard, connective tissue composing the skeleton.

Question 6

bone density test

Answer 6

Low-energy x-rays taken of bones in the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist.

Question 7

bone marrow (myel/o)

Answer 7

Tissue inside a bone that consists of blood and immature and mature blood cells in various stages of development.

Question 8

bursa (singular) (burs/o)

bursae (plural)

Answer 8

Sac of fluid near a joint; promotes smooth sliding of one tissue against another.

Question 9

bursitis

Answer 9

Inflammation of sacs of fluid located near, but not within a joint.

Question 10

bunion

Answer 10

Abnormal swelling of the medial aspect of the joint between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone.

Question 11

calcium

Answer 11

One of the mineral constituents of bone.

Question 12

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Answer 12

Compression (by a wrist ligament) of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist (the carpal tunnel).

Question 13

cartilage (chondr/o)

cartilaginous tissue

Answer 13

Flexible, rubbery connective tissue. It is found in the immature skeleton at the growth plate and on joint surfaces.

Question 14

cleft palate

Answer 14

Occurs when the two large bones that compose the upper jawbone do not come together normally before birth.

Question 15

chiropractor

Answer 15

(chir/o = hand) One who uses physical means (hands) to manipulate the spinal column, believing that disease is caused by pressure on nerves.

Question 16

dislocation

Answer 16

Displacement of a bone from its joint.

Question 17

electromyography (EMG)

Answer 17

Process of recording the strength of muscle contraction as a result of electrical stimulation.

Question 18

extension

Answer 18

Straightening of a flexed limb.

Question 19

fibromyalgia

Answer 19

Chronic pain and stiffness in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue, especially of the back, shoulders, neck, hips, and knees.

Question 20

fissure

Answer 20

Narrow, slit-like opening in or between bones.

Question 21

fracture

Answer 21

Traumatic breaking of a bone.

Question 22

intramuscular (IM)

Answer 22

Within the substance of a muscle.

Question 23

joint

Answer 23

Places at which bones come together.

Question 24

ligament

Answer 24

Connective tissue binding bones to other bones; supports, strengthens, and stabilized the joint.

Question 25

Lyme Disease

Answer 25

A recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritits, myalgia, malaise, and neurologic and cardiac symptoms.

Question 26

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 26

Radio waves and magnetic field create images of soft tissue.

Question 27

metacarpals

Answer 27

Hand bones

Question 28

metatarsals

Answer 28

Foot bones.

Question 29

muscle

Answer 29

Attached to bones, internal organs, and blood vessels that are responsible for movement.

Question 30

muscular dystrophy

Answer 30

A group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system.

Question 31

myopathy

Answer 31

Disease of muscle/muscle disease

Question 32

orthopedist

Answer 32

(orth/o=straight)(ped/o=child) Physician who treats bones and bone and joint diseases. (Originally, orthopedics was a branch of medicine dealing with correcting deformities in children.)

Question 33

osteoarthritis (OA)

Answer 33

Progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by loss of cartilage and hypertrophy of bone (formation of bone spurs)

Question 34

osteocytes

Answer 34

Bone cells

Question 35

osteoporosis

Answer 35

Decrease in bone density (mass); thinning and weakening of bone.

Question 36

osseous tissue

Answer 36

Bone tissue.

Question 37

polymyalgia

Answer 37

Pain in many muscles.

Question 38

ROM

Answer 38

Range of motion.

Question 39

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Answer 39

(rheumat/o=watery flow) Chronic disease in which joints become inflamed and painful.

Question 40

rheumatologist

Answer 40

A physician who primarily treats joint diseases.

Question 41

scoliosis

Answer 41

(scoli/o=crooked; bent) The spinal column is bent abnormally to the side.

Question 42

sinus

Answer 42

Hollow cavity within a bone.

Question 43

spinal stenosis

Answer 43

(-stenosis=narrowing) Narrowing of the neural canal or nerve root canals in the lumbar spine.

Question 44

sprain

Answer 44

Trauma to a joint with pain, swelling, and injury to ligaments.

Question 45

strain

Answer 45

Overstretching of muscle

Question 46

tendon (ten/o)

Answer 46

Connective tissue that binds muscle to bones.

Question 47

tendinitis

Answer 47

Inflammation of the connective tissue that binds muscles to bones.

Question 48

vertebra (singular) vertebrae (plural) (spondyl/o or vertebr/o)

Answer 48

An individual backbone