Lesson 1.1

Question 1

Medical Technology

Answer 1

Refers to the application of diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic medicine to improve and monitor the management of health condition

Question 2

Other terms for Medical Technology

Answer 2

Clinical laboratory science or laboratory medicine

Question 3

Anna Fagelson

Answer 3

(1961)
Defines MT as a branch of medicine which is concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations and analyses for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and the maintenance of health

Question 4

Walter

Answer 4

(1996)
Defines MT as a health profession which is concerned with the performance of laboratory analyses in view of obtaining information necessary in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and in the maintenance of good health

Question 5

Ruth Heinneman

Answer 5

(1963)
Defines MT as the application of the principles of natural, biological, and physical sciences in laboratory procedures to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases

Question 6

Definition of MT by the RA 5527

Answer 6

an auxiliary branch of medicine which deals with the examinations using various chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic, and other medical laboratory procedures or techniques that will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study, and treatment of disease and in the promotion of health in general

Question 6

RA 5527

Answer 6

a.k.a The Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969

Question 7

Medical Technology Interdisciplinaries

Answer 7

1. Hematology
2. Clinical Chemistry
3. Medical Microbiology
4. Clinical Microscopy
5. Medical Parasitology
6. Immunology
7. Serology
8. Immunohematology
9. General Pathology and Histopathology
10. Medical Technology Licensure Examination

Question 8

Ebers Papyrus

Answer 8

(1500 BC)
- Oldest preserved Egyptian compilation of medical texts
- 110-chapter, 20 meter long scroll containing chapters on contraceptives, pregnancy, eye and skin diseases, surgery, burns, and intestinal parasites and diseases

Question 9

Hippocrates

Answer 9

(300 AD to 180 BC)
- Father of Medicine
- Found 4 humors or body fluids (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile)
- advocated the tasting of urine, listening to the lungs, and observing the outward appearance in diagnosing
- appearance of blood, bubbles, and pus in urine signifies kidney disease or chronic illness

Question 10

Galen

Answer 10

• described diabetes as “diarrhea of urine”
• established relationship between fluid intake and urine volume

Question 11

Polyphagia

Answer 11

Rise in appetite

Question 12

Polydipsia

Answer 12

Increase in thirst

Question 13

Polyuria

Answer 13

Frequency in urination

Question 14

Medieval Europe

Answer 14

diagnosed through water casting (uroscopy)

Question 15

Rufus of Ephesus

Answer 15

(500 AD)
First description of hematuria (blood in urine)

Question 16

Isaac Judeaus

Answer 16

(900 AD)
wrote a book called Kitab al Baul (book of urine)

Question 17

Early 11th Century

Answer 17

• medical practitioners weren’t allowed to physically check patients
• physicians relied on patient’s description of symptoms and observing patient’s physical condition

Question 18

Greek Physicians

Answer 18

(1098-1438)
Made diagnosis by pouring urine on the ground and checking if insects are attracted to it

Question 19

Anna Fagelson (19th Century)

Answer 19

Confirmed beginnings of MT when she correlated cause of Alexander Gillani to acquired-laboratory infection

Question 20

Invention on 1816

Answer 20

Stethoscope
- by Rene Laennec
- first diagnostic breakthrough
- used to listen to the lungs and heartbeat

Question 21

Invention on 1840

Answer 21

Microscope
- by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- first practical microscope

Question 22

Invention on 1850

Answer 22

Opthalmoscope
- by Hermann von Helmolz
- first visual technology

Question 23

Invention on 1855

Answer 23

Laryngoscope
- by Manuel Garcia
- 2 mirrors used to check throat and larynx

Question 24

Invention on 1859

Answer 24

X-ray - Wilhelm Roentgen - accidental - allowed viewing of the body without surgery

Question 25

Invention on 1903

Answer 25

Electrocardiograph - by William Einthoven - measures electrical changes of heart beat

Question 26

Invention on 1910

Answer 26

Kenny Method - by Elizabeth Kenny - pioneering work for medical technology - uses hot packs and muscle modification

Question 27

Invention on 1927

Answer 27

Sylvia Stretcher Drinker Respirator - Philip Drinker - helps in respiration for those suffering from paralytic anterior poliomyelitis

Question 28

Invention on 1939

Answer 28

Heart-lung Machine - Hermann von Helmholz - first visual technology

Question 29

Invention on 1941

Answer 29

Cardiac Catheterization and Andiography - by Moniz, Reboul, Rousthoi

Question 30

When was Cardiac catheterization and andiography first operated? And who operated it?

Answer 30

1929 Forsmann

Question 31

When was Cardiac catheterization and andiography first deemed safe to use? And who did it?

Answer 31

1941 Cournand

Question 32

Koch's Postulates

Answer 32

1. It is present in all cases 2. Inoculation of its pure culture produces disease in animals 3. From these cultures, it can again be obtained 4. Then it can again be propagated in pure culture

Question 33

Spirometer

Answer 33

(19th Century) - by John Hutchinson - used to measure vital capacity of lungs

Question 34

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 34

(19th Century) - by James Herisson - for measuring blood pressure

Question 35

When did medical technicians come into the picture of healthcare?

Answer 35

- increasing number of patients that generalists could not handle - training needs to be done to use laboratory equipment - 1969, 80% of medical professionals were non-physicians