Lesson 1.1

Question 1

Two Approaches in the Study of Man

Answer 1

1. Atomistic approach
2. Holistic approach

Question 2

views man as an organism composed of different organ systems, each composed of organs and each organ made up of tissue cells.

Answer 2

Atomistic approach

Question 3

the basic fundamental unit of the human body

Answer 3

cell

Question 4

studies the structure of the cell and the component parts.

Answer 4

anatomist

Question 5

determines how cell functions.

Answer 5

Physiologist

Question 6

_____ and _____ call such detailed study about man the Atomistic Approach.

Answer 6

Byrne & Thompson

Question 7

Views man as a whole organism with interrelated and interdependent parts functioning to produce behavior, unacceptable or acceptable to him or to society.

Answer 7

Holistic approach

Question 8

provides a fundamental framework on which one can base their perception or observations of the total behavior of man in relation to society.

Answer 8

Total approach

Question 9

traces the patterns of relationships with other beings in suprasystem of society.

Answer 9

Holistic view

Question 10

Characteristics of Man

Man responds to environmental stimuli as a particular unit – be it a solitary cell, a component organism or a member of a conglomerate of individuals.

Answer 10

Man as a biological being

Question 11

the family, community and society which consist of bigger units of man are called his

Answer 11

super ordinate system

Question 12

In life _____ is the simplest functional unit.

Answer 12

Cellular behavior

Question 13

the basic unit or building block structures of all forms of plant and animal life.

Answer 13

Cell

Question 14

Characteristics of Man

Man normally responds as a unified whole, not as a series of integrated parts.

Answer 14

Man as an Organism

Question 15

operates as a whole and his body structures conform to the purpose for which each part was made.

Answer 15

Mind and Body

Question 16

refers to those observable features and actions that reflects man’s functioning as a unified whole within the environment in which he exists.

Answer 16

Organismic behaviour

Question 17

It reflects the dynamic changes that occur in him as a result of alterations he has made or has met in his internal and external environments.

Answer 17

Man as an Organism

Question 18

Characteristics of Man

capable of rational, logical thinking most of the time, but can become irrational and illogical when provoked.

Answer 18

Man of Psychosocial Being

Question 19

A group of people have common attributes that make them different from other groups.

Answer 19

Culture
Age groups
Social status
Educational Status

Question 20

_____ describes man as a social being who is capable of relating with others; that he has the capacity to know, to like, to love and to respond and appreciate the uniqueness of others.

Answer 20

Travelbee

Question 21

Characteristics of a Man

All men are spiritual in nature because all men have intellect and will; all men are endowed with virtues of faith, hope.

Answer 21

Man as a Spiritual being

Question 22

is a condition or state of being that surpasses physical existence.

Answer 22

Transcendence

Question 23

2 components that assist man in the power of transcendence:

Answer 23

1. Will
2. Intellect

Question 24

expresses man’s own wishes, desire or longing to do what he has set his mind to do (Collingwood)

Answer 24

Will

Question 25

allows man to look for the truth -It gives him the ability to perceive his surroundings or forces within or outside him to understand the meanings of events as they relate to him or to his loved ones. (Collingwood)

Answer 25

Intellect

Question 26

Man as a System _____ he is composed of subsystems that act as unified whole; therefore what affects one subsystem easily affects the other subsystem/s within the set.

Answer 26

Man is an open system

Question 27

Man as a System _____it allows input and output to and from its boundaries; one that allows exchange of or is constantly affected by matter, energy, and information.

Answer 27

Man as an open system

Question 28

Man as a System _____ one that will not allow inputs and outputs. Does not allow exchange of matter, energy and information.

Answer 28

Man as a closed system

Question 29

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO)

Answer 29

Health

Question 30

Health as perceived & described by Laymen.

Answer 30

1. symptom-related – their basis is on the presence or absence of manifestations. 2. function related – the capacity or inability to perform activities of daily living. 3. feeling related – it depends on how one feels.

Question 31

an integrated method of functioning which is oriented toward maximizing the potential of which the individual is capable.

Answer 31

Wellness

Question 32

- it is a subjective state of well-being reflective of one’s capacity to engage in attitudes and behaviors that enhance quality of life, promote and maximize personal potential; - is the condition in which all parts of the body are in harmony with the whole system.

Answer 32

Wellness

Question 33

a state in which someone’s needs are not sufficiently met which allow the individual to have a sense of physical and psycho-social malfunctioning.

Answer 33

Illness

Question 34

it is a personal state in which the person feels unhealthy.

Answer 34

Illness

Question 35

- a pathologic change in the structure or function of the body or mind - it is objective, observable and quantifiable

Answer 35

Disease

Question 36

DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH/WELLNESS

Answer 36

1. Physical Dimension 2. Emotional Dimension 3. Intellectual Dimension 4. Social Dimension 5. Cultural Dimension 6. Spiritual Dimension 7. Sexual Dimension 8. Environmental Dimension

Question 37

- ability to perform daily tasks and achieve physical fitness. Ex. The toddler just learning to walk is prone to fall & injure himself.

Answer 37

Physical Dimension

Question 38

refers to feelings, affect, and person’s ability to express. Ex. Prior to a test, a student always has diarrhea

Answer 38

Emotional dimension

Question 39

how mind and body interact to affect body functions and to respond to body conditions also influence health. Long-term stress affects the body systems and anxiety affects health habits. Conversely, calm acceptance and relaxation can actually change body responses to illness.

Answer 39

Emotional dimension

Question 40

ability to learn and use information for personal, family and professional development. Ex. Elderly woman (elementary level) needs teaching in Layman’s term.

Answer 40

Intellectual Dimension

Question 41

ability to effectively interact with people in the environment. There is harmony, respect and tolerance

Answer 41

Social Dimension

Question 42

practices and beliefs of health is influenced by person’s economic level, lifestyle, family and culture.

Answer 42

Cultural Dimension

Question 43

ability to recognize moral & religious principles and beliefs and put them into practice. Ex. Jehova’s witness are opposed to blood transfusion.

Answer 43

Spiritual Dimension

Question 44

acceptance & ability to achieve and express sexuality

Answer 44

Sexual Dimension

Question 45

conducive for housing, sanitation, climate, absence of pollution. Ex. Increased incidences of asthma and respiratory problems in large cities with smog.

Answer 45

Environmental Dimension

Question 46

Characteristics of Illness:

Answer 46

1. highly personal state 2. diminished physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, spiritual functioning 3. Not synonymous with disease

Question 47

Factors influencing illness:

Answer 47

1. self-perception 2. other’s perception 3. the effects of changes in body structure and function 4. the effects of those changes on roles and relationships 5. cultural and spiritual values and beliefs

Question 48

Classifications of Illness:

Answer 48

1. Acute - sign/symptom often appear abruptly, subside quickly 2. Chronic - lasts for an extended period (6 months or longer)

Question 49

Stages of Illness:

Answer 49

I. Symptom Experience - transition stage -the person believes/aware/feeling something is wrong II. Assumption of the Sick Role - acceptance of the illness III. Medical Care Contact - symptom despite home remedies become worse IV. Dependent Patient Role - the person becomes a client dependent on the health professional for help V. Recovery/Rehabilitation - period when signs and symptoms disappear

Question 50

Terms related to Disease:

Answer 50

1. sign - objective changes in structure and function 2. symptom - subjective information about the disease 3. Syndrome - frequent recurrence of combinations of signs and symptoms

Question 51

Characteristics of a Disease:

Answer 51

1. Incidence 2. Onset 3. Course-path 4. Duration-length 5. Prognosis 6. Communicability

Question 52

1. Incidence-frequency with which the disease occurs -results in labels as “common” or “rare” 2. Onset-beginning appearance of sign or symptom -can be gradual, rapid, obvious or insidious 3. Course-path-may be smooth, rough, predictable or unpredictable 4. Duration-length -can be short, long or permanent 5. Prognosis-ultimate outcome -can be hopeful or guarded, poor, good or excellent 6. Communicability- refers to the contagious or transmissible quality of a disease

Question 53

Factors affecting health and illness:

Answer 53

1. genetic factor 2. behavioral factors 3. socio-cultural factors 4. economic factors 5. political factors 6. environmental factors