LESSON 11: LIPIDS Flashcards
It contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but, compared with carbohydrates, have less oxygen in proportion to carbon and hydrogen
LIPIDS
- Neutral lipids
- Triglycerides
- Glycerol
- Triacylglycerols
SIMPLE LIPIDS
MAJOR FORM of FAT in DIET & MAJOR STORAGE form of fat in body
Triacylglycerols
glycerol base with 3 FA attached
Triglycerides
derived from a WATER SOLUBLE FORM OF CARBOHYDRATE; an alcohol composed of 3-carbon chain which can serve as the backbone of a triglyceride
GLYCEROL
Various COMBINATIONS OF NEUTRAL FATS with other components
COMPOUND
with phosphoric acid and nitrogenous base; egg yolk & liver are
good sources
Phospoholipid
most widely distributed of the phospholipids
Lecithin
needed to form thromboplastin for the blood clotting process
CEPHALIN
found in brain & other nerve tissue as a component of myelin sheath
Sphingomyelin
Fatty acid, nitrogen and carbohydrate
Glycolipid
Complexes of lipid and protein
Lipoprotein
✓ Formed primarily in liver, insoluble in water and contain cholesterol, neutral fat and fatty acids
LIPOPROTEIN
Obtained by hydrolysis or enzymatic breakdown of simple & compound lipids/derivatives of fat digestion
Derived
- SFA
- MUFA
- PUFA
Degree of saturation
- Short chain
- Medium chain
- Long chain
CHAIN LENGTH
- Linoleic (om 6)
- Linolenic (om3)
Essentiality
lipid substances that contain sterols
STEROIDS
COMPLEX FAT-LIKE compound found in body tissues, brain & nerve tissues, bile, blood, liver, where most cholesterol is synthesized;
CHOLESTEROL
“good” cholesterol
(HDL) high-density lipoproteins
“bad” cholesterol
(LDL) low-density lipoproteins
Children do not synthesize cholesterol in the body
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
– FA with ONE DOUBLE BOND; OLEIC ACID is most abundant; olive & peanut oils
(MUFA) Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
FA with 2 or MORE DOUBLE BOND; LINOLEIC ACID is most common; vegetable oils
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa)
