LESSON 1.2

Question 1

Laws of the Indis

Answer 1

King Philip II

Question 2

“Manufacturing City”

Answer 2

Industrial Revolution

Question 3

• empowered to overly produce
• outgrowth of industrial revolution —> began in England
• steam engine - fuel wood
• Outputs: matches, sugar, textile, cotton
specializaed division of labor
• decline in mortality, higher population
= surplus of food
• machine production and heavy engineering
• air pollution; transport tech
• fixed capital and human resource
pera ay nasa lupa and properties
• rich resided at the periphery

Answer 3

Industrial Revolution

Question 4

• Coketowns or Blacktownx
• planning had its roots in public health reforms (conceptualization of planning due to public health)

Answer 4

Charles Dickens

Question 5

• proletariat
• self-employed = digital platform —> because nandito ang tao at traffic
• bourgeoisie
• feudal lords - may ari ng lupa
• owners of those with means of production
• bureaucracy
• the unemployed poor

Answer 5

Industrial Revolution

Question 6

owners of the means of production

Answer 6

Bourgeoisie

Question 7

need to manage complex organization of production and distribution

Answer 7

Bureaucracy

Question 8

John Snow (cholera); The Sanitary Condition of The Laboring Poor
• city level hygiene and sanitary
• health and well-being as an economic issue

Answer 8

Edwin Chadwick

Question 9

Conservation and Parks Movement (CPM)
- father of american landscape architecture
- public parks and the enlargement of towns

Answer 9

FREDERICK LAW OLMSTED SR.

Question 10

Garden City Movement (GCM)

Answer 10

Ebenezer Howard

Question 11

— combining ‘life in city’ and ‘life in province’
town + country + provincial
town + province
— Utopia (perfect)
— center: commercial area
• Letchworth and Welwyn
— small roads kasi hindi pinropromote yung cars
— houses are close to the streets

Answer 11

Ebenezer Howard (Garden City Movement)

Question 12

OLMSTED (7) Park Design Principles

Answer 12

1. scenery - dapat may open area
   green spaces
2. suitability - geologic survey (soil)
3. style - pastoral
4. subordination - “art to conceal art ; walang overachieve or overelements
5. separation - differentitation of activities
6. sanitation - kalinisan mo (pagpumunta ka doon, maccleanse ka)
7. service - can answer psychological challenges

Question 13

Citty Beautiful Movement (CBM)

Answer 13

Daniel Burnham

Question 14

City Beautiful Movement (CBM)
aesthetics
pursued Baroque aesthetics
“make no little plans, make big plans”
broad perspectives
masterplanner (large scope and broan time frame)
Boux art; Burnham; Utopian

Answer 14

Daniel Burnham (CBM)

Question 15

Radiant City - skyscrapers
• the more dense, the less distance
• there will be a time of dead spaces

Answer 15

Le Corbusier

Question 16

New Town Movement (NTM)
- Radburn, New Jersey
- dependent on cars
- reaction to overcongestion of Le Corbusier’s skyscraper cities = produced horizontal settlements

Answer 16

Clarence Stein (NTM)

Question 17

Anti-thesis to compact development and transit oriented-development
• 10sq.km. (1000 has.) with all services and amenities of a small city
• Each family = 1 acre (4,050sq.m) + a helicopter
• Low density, car-oriented, freeways + feeder
roads, multi-nucleated

Answer 17

Broadacre city

Question 18

New Town Movement (NTM)
- Broadacre city
- decentralization (overcongestion in US Cities)

Answer 18

Frank Lloyd Wright

Question 19

an island of greens, bordered by homes and carefully skirted by peripheral automobile roads, each around open green spaces

Answer 19

Superblock

Question 20

New Town Movement (NTM)
- American planner, architect
- stipulated the elements of a regional plan
- superblock in New Town development in the US
- not successful= failed mobility

Answer 20

Henry Wright

Question 21

Regional Planning Movement (RPM)
- Survey Analysis Plan
- Father of Regional Planning
- popularized the framework “folk work place”
- coined conurbation and city-regions (city is an organism)

Answer 21

Patrick Geddes (RPM)

Question 22

Regional Planning Movement (RPM)
- places emotions, sensitivity, and ethics at the heart of civilization
- “society is dehumanized”
- city as ”theater of action”
- advocate

Answer 22

Lewis Mumford (RPM)

Question 23

• response to CBM and GCM
• why not functional? puro na lang beautiful ~ City Functional Movement (CFM)
  • utility infrastructure and on land use zoning rather than master planning
• zoning ordinances
• zoning law control land use by municipal government

Answer 23

Edward Bassett (City Functional Movement)

Question 24

City Functional Movement (CFM)
- “Ciudad Lineal”

Answer 24

DON ARTURO SORIA y MATA (CFM)

Question 25

City Functional Movement (CFM) - created industrial utopias • modern linear industrial city “Une Cite Industrielle” - gave four zoning categories: leisure/recreation, industry, work, and transport (LWIT)

Answer 25

Tony Garnier (CFM)

Question 26

an elongated urban formation running from Cadiz, Spain to Paris and the rest of Europe, up to St. Petersburg, Russia

Answer 26

Linear City

Question 27

This is where the ff. happens: - gentrification - economic production was decentralized - hollowing of core cities - inflation boom - Galactic City = Donut City • amorphic sprawl = no shape and no form = low-density fragmanted; fsdther than what pop. growth requires along the margin suburbanization

Answer 27

CITY EFFECIENT MOVEMENT (CEM)

Question 28

is a mode of urban renewal which entails up-scaling previously-blighted areas to attract new business and new occupants; the elite and their money would be motivated to return to the inner city (because of suburbanization)

Answer 28

Gentrification

Question 29

Urban Renewal often leads to discrimination, gentrification (racism and segregation)

Answer 29

Dr. Martin Luther King

Question 30

Instead of efficient = Advocacy Planning Father of Advocacy Planning - “public interest is not scientific but political” - social justice and equity

Answer 30

Paul Davidoff (Advocacy Planning)

Question 31

New Urbanism (Cultual heritage and consegarion) - humanistic; fellow sense of surveillance and community (eyes on the street)

Answer 31

Jane Jacobs (petition letter) NUC

Question 32

First modern eco-feminist who sparked environmental movement in us

Answer 32

Rachel Louise Carson (NUM)

Question 33

Four factors in contemporary planning

Answer 33

1. planning in the post- war period revealed **deficiencies**. 2. The operation of physical planning proved to be **insensitive** to a range of social problems. 3. The realization that planning was not the **apolitical** process that has been assumed. 4. increasing desire of some groups to direct their **own change**

Question 34

Neighborhood Unit - certain radius for it to be neighborhood - linked accessible to highway

Answer 34

Clarence Perry

Question 35

• monumentalism and grandeur of reigning monarchs of the western world • majestic boulevards characterized with huge open spaces • Common architecture: üdesigns are luxuriant, decorative portals, fronts, and gates, overloaded with unrestrained ornamentation

Answer 35

Baroque