Lesson 12 Grammar Flashcards
(50 cards)
To express obligation (I have to/do not have to; need to / do not need to) (Pres. & Fut.)
Sub ( ले ) inf. + पर्छ / पर्दैन
Past tense obligation (I had to/ did not have to; I needed to/did not need to)
Sub ( ले ) inf. + पर्यो / परेन
नै is used to express urgency; great necessity
v.s. + नै + पर्छ
म जानु पर्छ
I have to go
म जानै पर्छ
I really have to go; I must go.
मैले यो काम आज सिद्ध्याउनु पर्छ
I have to/need to/must finish this work today.
म भोलि काठमान्डू जानु पर्छ
I have to/will have to go to Kathmandu tomorrow.
(impersonal) नेपालमा काम गरको लागि नेपालि भासा सिक्नु पर्छ
One should learn Nepali to work in Nepal.
टाउको दुख्दा aspirin खानु पर्छ
One should take an aspirin when one’s head hurts.
to express habitual Pres. & simple Fut. tense, use 3rd Pers. Sing. of हुनु
हुन्छा / हुदैन ( दै is nasal)
अहिले जाडो छ
It is cold now.
Decemberमा जाडो हुन्छा
It (always/habitually) cold in December.
आउने हप्ता जाडो हुन्छा
It will be cold next week.
In cases of “should” use:
पर्छ
In cases of “should NOT” use:
inf. + हुदैन (हु is nasal)
रक्सि खानु हुदैन
One should not drink alcohol.
Use of “ ले “ as with (manner/how one does something
______ले = with ______
म हातले खान्छु
I eat “with” my hand.
म सधै तातो पानीले नुहाउछु
.
I always bathe with hot water.
म अर्को हप्ता गाउमा हुन्छु
Next week, I will be in the village.
हाम्रो जाच कहिले हुन्छा ?
When will our test be?
म भित्र आए हुन्छा ?
Is it okay if I come in? May I come in?
हिन्दुहरुले गाइको मासु खान हुदैन
Hindus should not eat beef.
Pres. v.s. + न / नु हुन्छा
it’s allowed; it’s ok to do; you may do
