LESSON-2

Question 1

Classification of Loads

Answer 1

Loads can be classified based on:
 The direction of the load,
 Duration of the load,
 Spatial distribution of the load, and
 Source of the loading.

Question 2

Forces delivered perpendicular to the roof or floor system are known as

Answer 2

GRAVITY LOADS

Question 3

• is the combined weight of all the finishes that give the structure its appearance
  and the structural parts that make up the structure.

Answer 3

Dead load

Question 4

are the weights placed on a structure by its occupants and the items they
choose to assemble inside (furniture, storage, etc.).

Answer 4

Live loads

Question 5

The weight of ice and snow accumulation on a building’s roof causes a force
known as

Answer 5

Snow loads

Question 6

These are permanent loads that are carried by the structure throughout its lifetime. are often referred to as stationary loads.

Answer 6

DEAD LOADS

Question 7

dead load includes

Answer 7

 walls
 beam
 floor
 roofs
 ceiling
 machines
 stairways
 built-in partitions
 cladding
 cranes
 architectural items
 other fixed service items

Question 8

Office and other types of buildings except residential, may have partition locations.
These require an addition of a

Answer 8

uniformly distributed load of 1 kPa to all other loads.

Question 9

Meanwhile a uniformly distributed load of

Answer 9

not less than 0.5 kPa

Question 10

are also called imposed loads, and they are either moving loads, or movable
loads, that do not have any impact or acceleration.

Answer 10

LIVE LOADS

Question 11

Floors shall be designed for the unit live loads as set forth in Table 205-1. These
loads shall be taken as the minimum live loads of horizontal projection

Answer 11

Floor Live Loads

Question 12

Where uniform loads are involved, consideration may be limited to full dead
load on all spans in combination with full live load on adjacent spans and
alternate spans.

Answer 12

1 Distribution of Uniform Floor Loads

Question 13

Floors shall be designed to support safely the uniformly distributed live loads
prescribed or the concentrated load given in Table 205-1 whichever produces
the greatest load effects.

Answer 13

Concentrated Floor Loads

Question 14

Otherwise specified the indicated concentration shall be assumed to be
uniformly distributed over an area of

Answer 14

750-mm square

Question 15

Vehicles are

Answer 15

used or stored for concentrated loads

Question 16

Each load shall be ____ of the gross weight of the maximum size vehicle to be
accommodated. Consisting of two or more loads spaced _____ nominally on
center without uniform live loads.

Answer 16

40%, 1.5M

Question 17

Parking garages for storage with no repair of refueling shall have a floor system
designed for a concentrated load of not less than _____ acting on an area of ________ without uniform live loads.

Answer 17

9kN, 0.015 m^2

Question 18

Provision shall be made for the special vertical and lateral loads as set forth in
Table 205-2.

Answer 18

Special Loads

Question 19

The live loads shall be assumed to act vertically upon the area projected on a
horizontal plane.

Answer 19

Roof Live Loads

Question 20

For those light-gage metal preformed structural sheets serve as the support and
finish of roofs, roof structural members arranged to create continuity shall be
considered adequate.

Answer 20

Distribution of Loads

Question 21

The uniform roof live load, set forth in ______ on all spans.

Answer 21

Table 205-3

Question 22

A concentrated gravity load of _____ placed on any span supporting a
tributary area greater than _____ to creat maximum stress in the member.
Otherwise, the concentrated load shall be placed on the member over a length of ____m along the span.

Answer 22

9kN, 18m^2, 0.75m

Question 23

Water accumulation as prescribed in ______

Answer 23

Section 206.7.

Question 24

shall be used where such loading will result in larger members or connections.

Answer 24

Unbalanced Loading

Question 25

_________ __ ___________shall be designed to resist the stresses caused by unit live loads on ______ __ __ ___ ____ __ _______ in any portion than the stresses produced on the entire span.

Answer 25

Trusses and arches, one-half of the span or greater

Question 26

For roofs whose structures are composed of a ____________ _____, _______ __ _______ wherein stresses in any point loading are distributed, the requirements for unbalanced unit live load design may be reduced to ____

Answer 26

stressed shell, framed or solid, 50%.

Question 27

For special purposes shall be designed for appropriate loads as approved by the building official.

Answer 27

Special Roof Loads

Question 28

Greenhouse shall be _____ ____, _____, ______ designed to carry a _____ concentrated load.

Answer 28

roof bars, purlins and rafters, 0.45 kN

Question 29

For roofs may be reduced on any member supporting more than ______, including flat slabs, except for floors in places of public assembly and for live loads greater than ______

Answer 29

15 m², 4.8 kPa.

Question 30

For roofs may be reduced on any member supporting more than ______, including flat slabs, except for floors in places of public assembly and for live loads greater than ______

Answer 30

Reduction of Live Loads

Question 31

The reduction shall not exceed _____ for members receiving load from one level only, ______ for other members.

Answer 31

40%, 60%

Question 32

For storage loads exceeding _____ , no reduction shall be made, except that design live loads on columns may be reduced to ____.

Answer 32

4.8 kPa, 20%

Question 33

The live load reduction shall not exceed ___ in garages for the storage of private pleasure cars having a capacity of not more than ____ passengers per vehicle.

Answer 33

40% , nine