Lesson 2 Flashcards
- How many chambers form your heart? Name them and their location. Which chambers are more muscular?
2.The heart contains four chambers. The top chambers are called atria and there is a right and left atrium. The bottom two chambers are called ventricles and there is a right and left ventricle. The ventricles are more muscular than the atria because they are responsible for pushing blood out of the heart. The left ventricle is the most muscular chamber of the four as it has to exert a great deal of force when pushing blood into the aorta, the vessel responsible for delivering blood to the rest of the body.
- What is the name of the structure that divides the heart into right and left sides?
A wall called the septum divides the heart into right and left halves.
- How many valves are in the heart? Where are they located and what is their purpose?
There are four valves in the heart. Two valves are found between the atria and the ventricles on either side of the heart; they are referred to as atrioventricular valves. Two valves are found between the ventricles and the vessels they pump blood into on either side of the heart; they are referred to as semilunar valves.
- Name the major blood vessels associated with blood flow to and from the heart, the type of blood they contain, and where the blood is going to or coming from.
5.On the right side of the heart the vena cavae bring deoxygenated blood into the right atrium from the body and the pulmonary arteries carry this blood away from the right ventricle to the lung. On the left side of the heart the pulmonary veins bring oxygenated blood into the left atrium from the lung and the aorta carries this blood out of the left ventricle and delivers it to every cell of the body.
- What is different about the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins from other arteries and veins?
Pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins are different from other arteries and veins found in the body because of the gas content of the blood they carry. Other arteries carry oxygenated blood throughout the body but the pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lung. Other veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart but pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heart from the lung.
- Which side of the heart is under the greatest pressure and why?
The left side of the heart is under the greatest pressure because it is the side of the heart responsible for providing enough force to pump blood throughout the entire body sometimes against gravity.
- Describe the shape, size and location of the heart. What forms the majority of the heart?
1.The heart is cone-shaped, very muscular and about the size of a fist. It is located between the lungs, behind the sternum and tilts slightly to the left. The major portion of the heart is called the myocardium and is composed mostly of cardiac muscle. The heart is surrounded by a sac called the pericardium
