Lesson 2

Question 1

Substances found in living organism

Answer 1

Biochemical Substances

Question 2

2 subunits of biochemical substances

Answer 2

Bioinorganic substances and bioorganic susbstances

Question 3

Examples pf bioinorganic substances

Answer 3

Table salt and water

Question 4

Examples of bioorganic substances

Answer 4

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid

Question 5

Most abundant class of biomolecules

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

Most important carbohydrate
Absorbed in the blood stream
Major metabolic fuel in mammals
Universal fuel of fetus
Precursor for synthesis of all carbs in the body

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

Types of Glucose

Answer 7

Glycogen
Ribose-RNA
Deoxyribose-DNA
Galactose-brain

Question 8

Clinical Significance (4)

Answer 8

Diabetes Mellitus
Galactosemia
Glycogen Storage Disease
Lactose Intolerance

Question 9

The study of the roles of sugars in health and diseases

Answer 9

Glycobiology

Question 10

Entire complement of sugars in an organism

Answer 10

Glycome

Question 11

A comprehensive study of glycomes including genetic, physiological and other aspects

Answer 11

Glycomics

Question 12

Hydrate of carbon

Answer 12

Carbohydrates

Question 13

Bound form (Carbs)

Answer 13

Polysaccharides
Glycoproteins and proteoglycans
Glycolipids
Glycosides
Mucopolysaccharides
Nucleic Acid

Question 14

Function of Carbohydrates

Answer 14

Main source of energy
Glycogen-short term energy reserve
Supplies carbon atoms for synthesis

Question 15

Struc componemt of cell membranes

Answer 15

Carbs to lipids

Question 16

Molecule recognition process

Answer 16

Carbs to proteins

Question 17

Cannot be broken into simpler form
1 polyhydroxyl aldehyde or poly hydroxyl ketone
(Classification of Carbs)

Answer 17

Monosaccharide

Question 18

2 monosaccharide units covalently bonded to each other

Crystalline and water soluble substances

Answer 18

Disaccharide

Question 19

3-10 monosaccharide units covalently bonded to each other

Answer 19

Oligosaccharide

Question 20

A polymeric carbohydrate that contains many monosaccharide units covalently bonded to each other

Answer 20

Polysaccharide

Question 21

Found in fruits,vegetables, honey

Blood sugar

Answer 21

Glucose

Question 22

Found in fruits, honey, cornsyrup

Fruit sugar

Answer 22

Fructose

Question 23

Found as part of lactose in milk

Brain sugar

Answer 23

Galactose

Question 24

CHO (monosaccharide classification)

Answer 24

Aldose

Question 25

CH2OH (monosaccharide classification)

Answer 25

Ketose

Question 26

2D structural notation for showing the spatial arrangement of group about chiral centers in a molecule

Answer 26

Fischer formula

Question 27

2D structure that specifies the 3D structure of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide

Answer 27

Haworth Projectiob

Question 28

Who made Haworth Projection

Answer 28

Sir. Walter N. Haworth

Question 29

Handedness in molecules

Answer 29

Chirality

Question 30

Key to understanding molecular handedness

Answer 30

Mirror image

Question 31

Image that coincide at all points when the images are laid upon each other

Answer 31

Superimposable mirror image

Question 32

Images where not all points coincide when images are laid upon each other

Answer 32

Non superimposable mirror image

Question 33

An atom in a molecule that has 4 different group bonded to it in a tetrahedral orientation

Answer 33

Chiral center

Question 34

Molecule whose mirror image are not superimposable

Answer 34

Chiral molecule

Question 35

Molecules whose mirror image are superimposable

Answer 35

Achiral molecule

Question 36

Substances have same molecular formula but different structural formula

Answer 36

Isomers

Question 37

Phenomenon where substances have same molecular formula but different structural formula

Answer 37

Isomerism

Question 38

Glucose is chiral and shows D/L isomerism | All are revered in mirror image

Answer 38

Enantiomers

Question 39

Chiral center stayed the same in mirror image

Answer 39

Diasteriomer

Question 40

Atoms are bonded in the same order in the molecules

Answer 40

Sterioisomers

Question 41

Atoms are not bonded in the same order in the molecules

Answer 41

Constitutional isomers

Question 42

OH group in the right

Answer 42

Dextrorotatory

Question 43

OH group in the left

Answer 43

Levorotatory

Question 44

Alpha and beta cyclic forms differs from each other in the configuration

Answer 44

Anomers

Question 45

Reactions of Monosaccharides (5)

Answer 45

``` Oxidation to produce acidic sugar Reduction to produce sugar alcohols Glycoside formation Phosphate ester formation Amino sugar formation ```