Lesson 2:Chemistry of Life

Question 1

It is the ability to do work

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

Pure substances from broken down matter

Answer 2

Elements

Question 3

A pure substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means into other substances

Answer 3

Chemical Element

Question 4

Essential to life in large quantities (C, H, O, and N)

Answer 4

Bulk Elements

Question 5

Required in small amounts in life

Answer 5

Trace Elements

Question 6

Smallest unit of an element

Answer 6

Atom

Question 7

Positively Charged atom

Answer 7

Protons

Question 8

Negatively Charged atom

Answer 8

Electron

Question 9

Neutral Charged atom

Answer 9

Neutrons

Question 10

Combination of protons and neutrons

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 11

An atom that gains or loses electrons

Answer 11

Ion

Question 12

Two or more atoms joined together

Answer 12

Molecule

Question 13

Molecules of different elements

Answer 13

Compound

Question 14

It is where electrons move constantly in volumes of spce

Answer 14

Orbitals

Question 15

Group of orbitals

Answer 15

Energy Shells

Question 16

Attraction between two oppositely charged ions

Answer 16

Ionic Bond

Question 17

Form between atoms that can fill their valence shells by sharing one or more pairs of electrons

Answer 17

Covalent Bonds

Question 18

It is where atoms share electrons equally

Answer 18

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Question 19

This forms when one atom is more electronegative than the other

Answer 19

Polar Covalent Bond

Question 20

Result from the attraction between opposite partial charges on adjacent or large molecule

Answer 20

Hydrogen Bond

Question 21

Water molecules that stick to each other

Answer 21

Cohesion

Question 22

Water molecules that sticks to other substance

Answer 22

Adhesion

Question 23

Consists of a solute and solvent

Answer 23

Solution

Question 24

Adds H+ to a solution

Answer 24

Acid

Question 24

Adds H+ to a solution

Answer 24

Acid

Question 25

Adds OH to a solution

Answer 25

Base

Question 26

This measures H+ concentrations

Answer 26

pH Scale

Question 27

Consist of weak acid-base pairs that maintain optimal pH ranges by releasing or consuming H+

Answer 27

Buffers

Question 28

Chemical reaction that joins monomers together by releasing a water molecule

Answer 28

Dehydration Synthesis

Question 29

This reaction uses water to break polymers into monomers

Answer 29

Hydrolysis

Question 30

Consist of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in a 1:2:1

Answer 30

Carbohydrates

Question 31

Single ring sugars such as glucose

Answer 31

Monosaccharides

Question 32

Two bonded monosaccharides

Answer 32

Disaccharide

Question 33

Complex carbohydrates consisting of hundreds of monosaccharides

Answer 33

Polysaccharides

Question 34

Consist of Amino acids

Answer 34

Proteins

Question 35

Diverse hydrophobic compounds consisting of carbon and hydrogen

Answer 35

Lipids

Question 36

Consist of glycerol and three fatty acids

Answer 36

Triglycerides

Question 37

Unsaturated fat with straight chains

Answer 37

Trans Fat

Question 38

Lipids consisting of four fused rings

Answer 38

Steroids

Question 38

Lipids consisting of four fused rings

Answer 38

Steroids

Question 38

Lipids consisting of four fused rings

Answer 38

Steroids