Lesson 2: Emergency Scene Management Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is ESM? (Emergency Scene Management)
- Sequence of actions to follow to ensure safe and appropriate first aid is given
What are the ESM steps? (in order)
- Scene survey
- Primary survey
- Secondary survey
- Ongoing casualty care
What steps are involved in a scene survey? (6 steps)
- Take charge of the scene
- Assess hazards
- Call out for help to attract bystanders
- Find out information about emergency’s
- Identify yourself as first aider and offer to help
- Check for responsiveness
What are some injuries that would require an ambulance immediately ?
- A fall from 20 feet or more
- Vehicle collisions with signs of severe impact or damage
- Crush injuries
What steps are involved in a primary survey?
- Check for A.B.Cs
- Perform a rapid body survey
A.B.Cs
- Technique to check for life threatening conditions
A - airways
B - breathing
C - circulation
How can you check the airways (A.B.Cs)
- Ask causality “what happened?”
- Response will help you determine if airway is clear
How can you check for breathing?
(A.B.Cs)
Assess if casualty is able to speak in sentences
How should you check for breathing if the causality is unconscious?
- Check for breath for atleast 5 seconds
Rapid Body Survey
- assembly of causality’s body by running hands down casualties body (head to toe)
What should you keep in mind during a rapid body survey? (3)
- Wear gloves if possible
- Do not further harm injuries
- Look at causalities face to assess any response to survey
When should you preform a secondary survey? (3)
- The causality has more than one injury
- Medical help will be delayed
- Medical help is not coming to the scene and you have to transport the causality
Secondary Survey
- Way of gathering information to gather complete picture of causality
- Looking for illness or injury that was not revealed during primary survey
What steps are involved in a secondary survey? (4)
- History
- Vital signs
- Head to toe exam
- First aid for any injury found
How can you obtain a causalities history?
- S.A.M.P.L.E. history
S.A.M.P.L.E History
- Used to gather a brief medical history of causality
S - Symptoms
A - Allergies
M - Medicine
P - Past or present medical history
L - Last Meal
E - Events leading to incident
Symptoms (SAMPLE)
- What is the casualty feeling?
Ex. pain, nausea, weakness, etc.
Allergies (SAMPLE)
- Does casualty have any allergies? (specifically towards medications)
Medications (SAMPLE)
- Are there any medications or supplements they usually take?
- Have they taken them recently?
Past or Present Medical History (SAMPLE)
- Is there any medical history related to what they are experiencing now?
Last Meal (SAMPLE)
- What was the last meal they ate and when?
- Have they taken anything else orally?
Events Leading to the Incident (SAMPLE)
- What was happening before the injury/illness?
- How did injury occur?
Pulse Rate
- Number of beats that your heart takes per minute
How can you assess a casualties pulse?
- Use two fingers and gently place them either on inside of wrist or neck
- Once you have found a pulse, count for the beats for 30s and multiply by two
