Lesson 2: Nutrient Standards and Guidelines

Question 1

What do we call the reference values that are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes?

Answer 1

DRI (Dietary Recommended Intakes)

Question 2

True or False: In the past, the purpose of DRIs was to reduce the risk of deficiency diseases like Beriberi and Scurvy?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the 3 main objectives of DRIs?

Answer 3

Prevent deficiency diseases
Reduce risk of chronic diseases
Safety supplement use and fortification

Question 4

Average daily nutrient intake requirement that meets the needs of 98% of the population in a life stage or gender group. It needs the EAR to be established.

Answer 4

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Question 5

What is the nutrient requirement that meets the needs of 50% of the population (half of the healthy people in a particular life stage or group)?

Answer 5

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

Question 6

What is the average daily amount of a nutrient that appear sufficient to maintain a specified criterion? It is based on based on the intakes of a healthy group of people in a particular life stage and gender group. Used when an RDA cannot be determined.

Answer 6

Adequate Intake (AI)

Question 7

What is the the maximum daily amount of a nutrient that appears safe for most healthy people, in which exceeding this level causes an increased risk of adverse health effects including even death?

Answer 7

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

Question 8

What it the AI for sodium?

Answer 8

1500 mg/day

Question 9

What is the average dietary energy intake that maintains energy balance and good health in a person of a given age, gender, weight, height and level of physical activity?

Answer 9

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

Question 10

What does the EER take into account?

Answer 10

Physical activity
Height
Weight
Age
Gender

Question 11

What are the ranges of intakes for energy-yielding nutrients that provide adequate energy and nutrients and reduce the risk of chronic diseases called? This recommendation applies to all healthy people & not a specific gender or life age group.

Answer 11

Acceptable Micronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)

Question 12

What three macronutrients could energy intake be obtained from?

Answer 12

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins

Question 13

What proportion of your energy intake should come from carbohydrates?

Answer 13

45-65%

Question 14

What proportion of your energy intake should come from lipids?

Answer 14

20-35%

Question 15

What proportion of your energy intake should come from protein?

Answer 15

10-35%

Question 16

True or False: The Percent Daily Value (%DV) is based on 2000 kcal diet & loosely based on DRI.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What is the RDA for calcium?

Answer 17

1000 mg

Question 18

What are the 4 major food groups in Canada?

Answer 18

Grains
Milk & Alternatives
Meat & Alternatives
Vegetables & Fruit

Question 19

What part of the grain serves as a protective coating around the kernel and is rich in nutrients and fiber?

Answer 19

Bran

Question 20

Which part of the seed contains mostly starch and some protein?

Answer 20

Endosperm

Question 21

Which part of the seed grown into a wheat plant and contains the plant embryo? This part of the plant is especially rich in vitamins and minerals to support new life.

Answer 21

Germ

Question 22

What do we call any grass that can be cultivated for it’s grain?

Answer 22

Cereal

Question 23

What are grains rich in?

Answer 23

Carbohydrates
Fiber (only when the grain is whole)
Vitamins: folate, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin E
Minerals: magnesium and iron

Question 24

What is milk fortified with in Canada?

Answer 24

Vitamin D and Vitamin A

Question 25

What are the notable nutrients in milk?

Answer 25

Protein Vitamins: riboflavin, vitamin D and vitamin B12 Minerals: calcium

Question 26

What is the issue with milk?

Answer 26

We produce less of the enzyme required to digest milk sugar which can lead to indigestion.

Question 27

What are meat, poultry and fish a rich source of?

Answer 27

Protein Vitamins B6 and B12 Minerals: Iron and Zinc

Question 28

Which nut is not a member of the legume family?

Answer 28

Tree nuts

Question 29

What are fruits and vegetables rich in?

Answer 29

Carbohydrates Fiber Vitamins: folate, vitamin A, C and K Minerals: magnesium and potassium

Question 30

Why are eggplants, zucchini, tomatoes, squashes and bell peppers also considered to be fruits?

Answer 30

They have seeds.

Question 31

Which group has the highest number of recommended servings per day in the Canadian Food Guide?

Answer 31

Vegetables and Fruits

Question 32

How do fruits encourage animals to disperse their seeds?

Answer 32

They must place the fruit seeds inside of a nutritious, sweet package as a way to encourage frequent visits.