Lesson 2 Properties of Network Traffic

Question 1

The physical channel through which signals travel to allow nodes to communicate with one another.

Answer 1

Transmission Medium

Question 2

A physical signal conductor is provided between two nodes. Examples include cable types such as copper or fiber optic cable. Cabled media can also be described as bounded media.

Answer 2

Cabled

Question 3

Uses free space between nodes (no signal conductor), such as microwave radio. Wireless media can also be described as unbounded media.

Answer 3

Wireless

Question 4

Digital signaling is a transmission technique which are essentially a series of discrete pulses that is called?

Answer 4

Line Coding

Question 5

The range of frequencies available to the communications channel are called?

Answer 5

Bandwidth

Question 6

What is a Symbol?

Answer 6

A signal transmitted over a communications channel consisting of a series of events

Question 7

The loss of signal strength, expressed in decibels (dB) over a distance would be named what?

Answer 7

Attenuation

Question 8

A network segment connected by a shared medium or through repeaters where simultaneous data transmissions collide with one another is known as an what?

Answer 8

A collision domain

Question 9

What are the two types of CSMA protocols?

Answer 9

CSMA/CDwithCollision Detection.

CSMA/CAwithCollision Avoidance.

Question 10

When a request is being sent to gain access to the media network listens to the media before transmitting and transmit only if the media is clear defines the actions of which protocol?

Answer 10

CSMA/Collision Avoidance (wireless)

Question 11

Copper (electrical) & Fiber Optic (Light Waves) are known as what?

Answer 11

Bounded Media which are things that you can touch.

Question 12

Radio Waves or Wireless Media are Consider what?

Answer 12

Unbounded. items or things that you unable to touch or see.

Question 13

What is measured by bits per second(bps)?

Answer 13

Bandwidth

Question 14

The difference between Bps and bps is what?

Answer 14

Bps is Bites Per Second which is equal to 8 bps.

bps is Bits Per Second.

Question 15

SNR is short for?

Answer 15

Signal to noise ratio which is the measurement of the desired signal sound compared to that of background sound or noise levels.

Question 16

Broadcast domains are created by what device?

Answer 16

Routers

Question 17

A simplex is what?

Answer 17

Simplex is when transmission of telecommunication is only allowed or able to travel in one direction (one device is always sending information to another device while the other one never sends anything back).

Question 18

A walkie talkie would be an example of what type of duplex?

Answer 18

Thats would be an example of Half-duplex due to communication being able transmitted from both directions but not at the same time.

Question 19

When you are able of receiving information from both sides of a signal or connection at the same time would consider what?

Answer 19

Full-Duplex is when communication is capable of happening from both end all at the same time example being a phone call.

Question 20

A wired network uses what type kind of detection?

Answer 20

All wired network use CSMA/CD which is Collision detection

Question 21

Every port on a switch that has a device plugged into it is consider what?

Answer 21

Collison Domain

Question 22

With CSMA/CD (wired) what will happen if a host has data to transmit and there is already data on the cable?

Answer 22

The host will wait until the cable is clear to transmit data

Question 23

The transmission of data to a single recipient goes by what name?

Answer 23

Unicast

Question 24

A mac address will be shown as all F’s when it is

Answer 24

MAC address is display as all F’s when it is broadcast

Question 25

MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) has minimum frame length of?

Answer 25

MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) Minimum is a standard Frame size of 1500 bytes and the max would be the jumbo Fames that are 9000 bytes.

Question 26

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)/ Frame Check Sequence (FCS) will inform you of what ?

Answer 26

You will be informed of any corruption to the frame or if anything was lost. There also no retransmission or error correction for frames just has to be resent.

Question 27

How would you define the breakdown of the xBase-y convention?

Answer 27

The X tells me what the data rate of the cable will be The Base is just mean baseband The informs me of what the wire type is Example: 10BASE-T Denotes a 10Mbps(X) baseband signal (Base) twisted pair network (-T)

Question 28

When would you use crossover cables?

Answer 28

Cross-Over cables would be used when connecting two like devices

Question 29

The maximum distance that is defined in documentation for all cables except the Cat6 10GBase-T Is what?

Answer 29

The maximum distance is 550m

Question 30

The first six digits of an MAC Address are what?

Answer 30

The first six digits of an MAC Address are OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) also known as the burned-in address.

Question 31

The last six digits of a MAC address is ?

Answer 31

The last six are unique identifier or locally administered address.

Question 32

Every frame will be sent to every interface that is on the same broadcast domain what is this called

Answer 32

This Broadcast traffic which when this happens hubs and switches are flooding to every port.

Question 33

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) are designed to for what purpose?

Answer 33

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) are designed to discover MAC addresses and map them to IP addresses. This task is achieved by a host sending a message out asking for certain MAC address and once the request target host see the message and send back its MAC address.

Question 34

When hardware addresses (MAC Address) are cached to reduced broadcast this called what?

Answer 34

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Cache Utility

Question 35

This is the tool that allows inspection of traffic received by a host or passing over a network link

Answer 35

Protocol Analyzer

Question 36

Captures frames moving over the network medium

Answer 36

Packet Sniffer

Question 37

A data network packet analyzer program that is run under a commend line interface allowing the user to display TCP/IP and packets that are being transmitted or received over a network

Answer 37

Tcpdump

Question 38

If a mapping for a local destination host is not found in a source host ARP cache, how does the source send an ARP request?

Answer 38

It will broadcast to all local host

Question 39

If a packet is address to a remote network, what destination MAC address will the sending node use?

Answer 39

The MAC address or the default gateway/router

Question 40

On a switched network what configuration changes must be made to allow a host to sniff unicast traffic from all host connected to a switch?

Answer 40

Port Mirroring or Port Spanning