LESSON 3 Flashcards
What is the circulatory system responsible for? (6)
(1) it is responsible for transporting throughout the body oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs via the arteries. Then the oxygen-depleted blood is returned to its origin through the veins.
(2) it delivers the oxygen and nutrients to all cells in the human body.
(3) transports carbon dioxide and other wastes to the other organs of the body and away from the cells
(4) it helps in the coagulation process
(5) regulates body temperature
(6) assists the body in fighting diseases.
The circulatory system is made up of two main components:
(1) the cardiovascular system
(2) the lymphatic system
The cardiovascular system is composed of (3)
(1) the heart
(2) blood vessels
(3) blood
The lymphatic system is made up of the:
(1) lymph
(2) lymph nodes
(3) vessels
The heart is a hollow muscular organ that has four chambers:
(1) left atrium
(2) right atrium
(3) left ventricle
(4) right ventricle
The heart is surrounded by a thin, fluid-filled sac called:
pericardium
A human heart is about the same size as that of a:
Person’s clenched fist.
Layers of the Heart (3)
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
DESCRIPTION: thin, watery membrane on the outer layer of the heart
Epicardium
DESCRIPTION: thick layer of cardiac muscles in the middle layer of the heart
Myocardium
DESCRIPTION: thin layer of epithelial cells in the inner layer of the heart
Endocardium
FUNCTION: covers the heart and is attached to the pericardium
Epicardium
FUNCTION: pumps blood into the arteries by contracting
Myocardium
FUNCTION: lines the valves and interior chambers
Endocardium
Chambers of the Heart (4)
- Right Atrium
- Right Ventricle
- Left Atrium
- Left Ventricle
DESCRIPTION: upper right chamber
Right Atrium
DESCRIPTION: lower right chamber
Right Ventricle
DESCRIPTION: upper left chamber
Left Atrium
DEFINITION: lower left chamber
Left Ventricle
Function: receives deoxygenated blood from the body
Right atrium
Function: receives the blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary artery
Right ventricle
Function: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it into the left ventricle
Left atrium
Function: receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta
Left ventricle
Valves of the Heart (4)
Right AV valve
Left AV valve
Right semilunar valve
Left semilunar valve