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IPSB Anatomy > Lesson 3 - Feet & Legs > Flashcards

Lesson 3 - Feet & Legs Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Foot & Ankle

A

Made out of 26 bones
1. Phalanges (14)
2. Metatarsals (5)
3. Tarsals (7)

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2
Q

Phalanges

A

14 Toe Bones

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3
Q

Metatarsals

A

5 types

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4
Q

Tarsals

A

7 Bones between metatarsals & leg

  1. Talus
  2. Calcaneus
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5
Q

Talus

A

Tarsal that is part of the ankle joint

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6
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone, big!

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7
Q

Arches of the Foot

A
  1. Medial Longitudinal
  2. Lateral Longitudinal
  3. Transverse

Functions:
Balance, Shock Absorption, Spring in Gait, Weight Distribution

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8
Q

Medial Longitudinal Arch

A

On the big toe side

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9
Q

Lateral Longitudinal Arch

A

On the little toe side

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10
Q

Transverse Arch

A

Underneath & across the foot

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11
Q

Ankle Joint

A

Tibia + Fibula + Talus

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12
Q

Tibia

A

Large bone in lower anterior leg – “shin bone”

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13
Q

Medial Malleolus

A

bony landmark that is on the interior or MEDIAL side of leg. Think “inside ankle ball”

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14
Q

Fibula

A

Long & thin leg bone lateral to Tibia.

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15
Q

Lateral Malleolus

A

bony landmark that is on the exterior or LATERAL side of leg. Think “outside ankle ball”

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16
Q

Interosseus Membrane (or Ligament)

A

inter-osseus means “between bone”. This is connective tissue (collagen) between Tibia & Fibula

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17
Q

Femur

A

Longest bone in the body. Makes up thigh.

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18
Q

Greater Trochanter

A

Bony landmark and muscle attachment point (find out which) located in proximal & lateral part of femur’s shaft

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19
Q

Head (Femur)

A

The most proximal part of the femur; the “ball on top”

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20
Q

Knee Joint

A

where the Femur & Tibia meet

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21
Q

Patella

A

Kneecap bone that protects knee during flexion

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22
Q

Patellar Ligament

A

Connects patella to the tibia

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23
Q

Hip Bone

A

Made up of
1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis

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24
Q

Illium

A

Uppermost & widest section of 3 hipbones.

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25
Illiac Crest
bony landmark - "elephant ear" shaped top of the Ilium
26
Anterior Superior Illiac Spine (ASIS)
bony landmark - where the rectus femorus attaches.
27
Anterior Inferior Illiac Spine (AIIS)
bony landmark - just below the ASIS
28
Ischium
Lowermost section of 3 hip-bones aka "butt-bones"
29
Ischial Tuberosity
bony landmark - point of muscle attachment to hamstring
30
Pubis
forward-most portion of hipbones aka "pubic bone"
31
Symphysis Pubis (interpubic disc)
The point where 2 pubic bones meet in front of pelvis
32
Acetabulum
Where 3 hip-bones (ilium, ischium, pubis) meet. Cup-shaped cavity located on the lateral face of the hip bone that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint.
33
Hip Joint
Head of Femur + Acetabulum (Pelvis)
34
Pelvic Girdle
2 Ilium + 2 Ischium + 2 Pubis = 2 Hip Bones
35
Pelvis
2 Ilium + 2 Ischium + 2 Pubis + 1 Sacrum + 1 Coccyx
36
Sacroiliac Joint
Joint where the sacrum and ilium bones meet
37
Tibialis Anterior
Anterior Leg Muscle 1. Dorsiflexion of ankle joint (foot off pedal) 2. Inversion of the foot (Olly front foot)
38
Peroneals / Fibularis
Lower leg muscle group that is on or lateral to Fibula (longus / brevis) 1. everts the foot
39
Rectus Femoris
One of the heads of the Anterior quadraceps muscle group. Crosses both hip & knee joint. 1. Extends Knee Joint 2. Flexes Hip Joint
40
Sartorius
Runs down thigh, longest muscle in the body 1. Flexes hip joint 2. Lateral rotation of hip joint 3. Abducts hipjoint 4. Flexes knee joint 4 syllables, 4 actions
41
Anterior Thigh Muscles
Quadriceps Rectus Femoris Satorius
42
Iliopsoas
Anterior Pelvis muscle 1. primary flexor of hip joint
43
Adductors
Anterior medial thigh muscles that adduct hip joint
44
Perineum
Boundaries - Symphysis Pubis Coccyx Ischial Tuberosity
45
Levator Ani
Forms floor of the pelvis + supports internal organs
46
Muscle Names Come From
1. Shape - "rhomboids" 2. Location on body -"Fibularis anterior" 3. Action - "adductors" 4. # Of Origins - "biceps / quadriceps"
47
If a muscle crosses a joint...
It will affect that joint
48
Foot Muscles
1. Flexors 2. Extensors 3. Retinaculum 4. Plantar Aponeurosis
49
Flexors
Found on plantar surface (bottom) of feet ; action - curling toes underneath
50
Extensors
Found on dorsal surface (top) of feet action - extend toes
51
Retinaculum
on dorsal surface (top) of foot ; tendon cable management
52
Plantar Aponeurosis
superficial flattened tendon on bottom of foot, supports arch
53
Lower Leg Muscles
Gastrocnemius Soleus
54
Gastrocnemius
Big calf muscle on posterior leg 1. Plantarflexion of the ankle joint, "ballerina toes". Synergestic with Soleus and Tibalis Anterior 2. Flexes knee joint
55
Soleus
Powerful muscle underneath Gastrocnemius 1. Plantarflexion of ankle joint, "ballet feet". Synergestic with Gastrocnemius and Tibialis Anterior
56
Hamstrings
Group of 3 muscles, Posterior Thigh; origin - Ischial Tuberosity 1. Flexes knee joint (synergestic with Gastrocnemius) 2. Extends hip joint
57
Gluteal Region Muscles
1. Gluteus Maximus 2. Gluteus Medius 3. Gluteus Minor 4. Six Deep Lateral Rotators 5. Tensor Fascia Latae 6. Iliotibial Tract
58
Gluteus Maximus
1. extends hip joint 2. laterally rotates hip joint (femur rotates out)
59
Gluteus Medius
1. abducts hip joint 2. medially rotates hip joint fully synergistic with gluteus minor
60
Gluteus Minor
1. abducts hip joint 2. medially rotates hip joint fully synergistic with gluteus medius
61
Six Deep Lateral Rotators
six muscles that laterally rotate hip joint
62
Tensor Fascia Latae
tenses IT band
63
Iliotibial Tract
Fascia located on lateral side of thigh Stablizes knee joint (esp lateral movements)

IPSB Anatomy (9 decks)

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