Lesson 3 - Philosophical Views of Man

Question 1

Philosophy begins with a sense of wonder. A man wonders at 3 main things. What are these?

Answer 1

1. God
2. World
3. His/her very being

Question 2

Know thyself is said by who?

Answer 2

Socrates

Question 3

He thought that postulating on human matters is what a true philosopher should do.

Answer 3

Socrates

Question 4

It comes from two Greek words, “Philo” and “Sophos,” which mean love of wisdom.

Answer 4

Philosophy

Question 5

It is a search for meaning. It is a quest.

Answer 5

Philosophy

Question 6

Philo

Answer 6

Love

Question 7

Sophos

Answer 7

Wisdom

Question 8

This is a system of beliefs about reality

Answer 8

Philosophy

Question 9

It is one’s integrated view of the world

Answer 9

Philosophy

Question 10

It includes an understanding of the nature of existence, man, and his role in the world

Answer 10

Philosophy

Question 11

It is a necessary product of man’s rational mind

Answer 11

Philosophy

Question 12

According to (Zulueta, 2010) this makes man think about the basic foundations of his outlook in life, his knowledge, and his beliefs.

Answer 12

Philosophy

Question 13

Philosophy enables us to _____ ourselves better

Answer 13

understand

Question 14

Philosophy helps us understand others; our _____

Answer 14

fellowmen

Question 15

Philosophy helps us understand others’ ways of _____

Answer 15

thinking

Question 16

Philosophy helps us understand the _____ and our place and role in it

Answer 16

world

Question 17

Philosophy helps us understand the significance, meaning, value, and finality of _____

Answer 17

human life

Question 18

Philosophy helps us know and understand _____ in his nature, essence, activities, and attributes

Answer 18

God

Question 19

Philosophy enables us to understand all things in their ultimate causes, reasons, and principles through our _____

Answer 19

reasoning faculty

Question 20

This advocates specifically that man is a composite of two elements: Body and Soul (mind)

Answer 20

Dualism

Question 21

All _____ is separate and distinct. Individuals are clearly different from the concept of supreme self, i.e. _____ and _____ are two distinct entities, and upon the death of the _____ the _____ remains a distinct entity.

Answer 21

existence; body; soul; body; soul

Question 22

The Christians led by _____ and _____ would disagree with any of the two-mentioned dualistic views on the composition of man.

Answer 22

St. Augustine; St. Thomas

Question 23

Using the Scripture as basis, [St. Augustine and St. Thomas] believe that a man is a tripartite being: _____, _____ and _____. (Trinity)

Answer 23

body; sould; spirit

Question 24

This is the outer part of man, which one can sensibly perceive. Through it, he can have contact with the world around him.

Answer 24

Body

Question 25

This is the inner part of man, which cannot be seen. It consists of three parts: the mind, the emotions and the will.

Answer 25

Soul

Question 26

The soul consists of three parts. What are they?

Answer 26

The mind, the emotions, and the will

Question 27

This is the innermost part of man by which he can commune with God. This core self is believed to be the temple of God.

Answer 27

Spirit

Question 28

This is the essential part of man's nature, the heart of all human life.

Answer 28

Spirit

Question 29

This holds that man is only one simple element.

Answer 29

Monism

Question 30

Man is purely spiritual.

Answer 30

Idealistic monism

Question 31

Advocates of this idea were the ancient Hindus.

Answer 31

Idealistic monism

Question 32

This argues that only the body is real.

Answer 32

Materialist monism

Question 33

The idea of the spirit is only an illusion.

Answer 33

Materialist monism

Question 34

Mind and body are distinct and non-identical entities.

Answer 34

Dualism

Question 35

Mind and body are manifestations of a single substance.

Answer 35

Monism

Question 36

A concrete individual substance endowed by reason.

Answer 36

Man is a person

Question 37

The human person is a unity of differentiated dimensions. A union of body, soul, spirit.

Answer 37

Man is a substantial unity

Question 38

Because of his rational nature man is endowed with: intelligence to understand the world freedom to self-govern in the world.

Answer 38

Man is an autonomous being

Question 39

Man is a rational being. He is open to himself and to others.

Answer 39

Man is a social being

Question 40

The human person possesses dignity that has no price but value (Immanuel Kant).

Answer 40

Man possesses dignity and rights

Question 41

What are the characteristics of man that point to his dignity?

Answer 41

intelligence, freedom, and love

Question 42

Man is defined by traditional scholastic philosophy as a _____, or as a composite of _____, and _____.

Answer 42

rational animal; body; soul

Question 43

Under the aspect of _____, he is like any other animal, a substance, mortal, subject to limitation of time and space.

Answer 43

body

Question 44

Under the aspect of _____, he is gifted with the power of reason free and immortal.

Answer 44

soul

Question 45

He is a foremost subjectivity, a unique core or center, source, depth, well spring of initiative and meaning.

Answer 45

Man as Embodied Subjectivity

Question 46

As embodied subject, man is being in the world. The human body is the link of man with the world. The things around man are structures that articulate a meaning proceeding from the subjectivity of man.

Answer 46

Man as Being in the World

Question 47

The world of man is not just the world of thins but also the world of fellowman.

Answer 47

Man as Being-with: the interhuman and the Social

Question 48

It is the I-Thou relationship (Martin Buber) in contrast to the I-It relationship.

Answer 48

interhuman

Question 49

Aristotle characterizes man as "_____" This refers to the social nature of man, social is not something that one enters into by contract to achieve some common aim.

Answer 49

political animal

Question 50

Who characterized man as a "political animal?"

Answer 50

Aristotle

Question 51

The final aim of education is becoming what?

Answer 51

a person

Question 52

The final aim of education is becoming a person. Person is the task of becoming oneself. And it consists in integration, in becoming whole, in unifying his diverse activities of speaking, thinking, willing and feeling.

Answer 52

Man as a person and his crowning activity is love which presupposes justice

Question 53

The commitment to love presupposes justice, the true foundation of _____.

Answer 53

social order

Question 54

_____ as the enhancement of the other person requires giving to the other his due, his basic dignity as a person.

Answer 54

Love

Question 55

Love is the _____ of justice, justice is the _____ of love.

Answer 55

maximum; minimum