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History > Lesson 34/35/36/37 > Flashcards

Lesson 34/35/36/37 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was one major difference in the aftermath of WWII compared with WWI?

A

The United States took a leading role in world affairs

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2
Q

Under Roosevelt, the United States shifted from an attitude of _______ to _______.

A

isolationism, internationalism

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3
Q

What was the main goal of the World Bank?

A

to help nations recover from the war

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4
Q

Which country provided the majority of the funding for the World Bank?

A

United States

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5
Q

What were the main goals of the International Monetary Fund?

A

to stabilize the world monetary system and establish uniform foreign currency exchange rates

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6
Q

What group was created to replace the League of Nations?

A

United Nations

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7
Q

What did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights say was a basic human right?

A

all of the above

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8
Q

Which of the following was not a punishment inflicted on Germany and Japan at the end of WWII?

A

They had to pay large sums of money.

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9
Q

What happened to Nazi war criminals?

A

They were put on trial.

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10
Q

The series of trials for Nazi war criminals were known as the ___________ trials

A

Nuremberg

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11
Q

Which ally country was given control of Berlin after WWII?

A

They were all given part of it.

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12
Q

What was the original concern of the United States in their occupation of Germany?

A

dismantling German factories

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13
Q

What did the Allies do to the role of emperor of Japan after WWII?

A

They gave him only ceremonial powers.

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14
Q

Which country was given full sovereignty in the 1951 peace treaty?

A

Japan

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15
Q

What did the GI Bill of Rights do?

A

provided funds to support returning soldiers financially

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16
Q

Which of the following is an example of how the GI Bill of Rights helped veterans?

A

all of the above

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17
Q

Why was the GI Bill less helpful for African American veterans?

A

because discrimination often prevented them from using the bill’s advantages

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18
Q

Which of the following is true about African Americans post WWII?

A

The average income of African Americans increased.

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19
Q

How did most female workers respond to the influx of men returning from overseas?

A

They took jobs in the service sector as men returned to take their jobs.

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20
Q

Why was there uncertainty regarding the economy in the United States immediately following the end of WWII?

A

because the war had brought the country out of depression and people feared it might fall back into another depression

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21
Q

President Roosevelt worked hard to get the United States to join the ____________. The United States is a permanent Security Council member of this organization

A

United Nations

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22
Q

Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill met in Washington, D.C., in late December 1941. They decided to concentrate their efforts on

A

winning the war in Europe first.

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23
Q

How did the Nazis inflict suffering on people in German-occupied Europe?

A

all of the above

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24
Q

Both the Allies and the Axis Powers wanted to control the Middle East in order to

A

secure their oil supply.

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25
Which four different locations did the Allies consider in 1941 for launching an attack against the Axis Powers?
France, Italy, North Africa, and the Soviet Union
26
Where did American troops do their first fighting of the war in the winter of 1942-1943?
North Africa
27
Which of the following statements about the Battle of Stalingrad is true
All the above
28
What was one major consequence of Germany's loss of control over the Caucasus?
The Allies tried to destroy Germany's remaining oil fields in Romania by bombing.
29
Where did Allied troops deploy on D-Day, the first day of Operation Overlord?
from Great Britain to Normandy
30
Where did the Allied soldiers first discover Jewish survivors of the Holocaust?
in concentration camps in Germany
31
What happened after the Red Army had fought its way to Berlin in April 1945?
Hitler committed suicide, and German troops began surrendering.
32
When Japan created the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, it intended to
secure its own economic self-sufficiency and expand its political influence.
33
More than 7,000 prisoners died during the infamous Bataan Death March in
the Philippines.
34
In May 1942, the Americans stopped Japanese expansion to the south during the
Battle of the Coral Sea.
35
Why did the fall of Burma to the Japanese in May 1942 have serious consequences for China?
The Chinese army now lost its major source of supplies.
36
Liberating Japanese-held territory in the Pacific could be risky for Allied forces because
all of the above
37
Japanese expansion ended completely when the Allies defeated them at
the Battle of Midway.
38
The strategy that allowed the Allies to push the Japanese closer to the home islands was known as
leapfrogging.
39
Why were the islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa strategically important to Japan?
They were the key islands in Japan's defensive perimeter.
40
What was the Manhattan Project?
the top-secret program to develop an atomic weapon
41
The Allies began the invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944. What was this turning point called
D-day
42
What government entity was responsible for organizing the wartime economy?
War Production Board
43
What happened to the American economy as the United States entered the war?
It grew rapidly out of its recession.
44
Which of the following became a serious economic issue during the war?
inflation
45
How did the government ration basic food supplies to the American public?
It distributed coupon books to consumers to limit purchases
46
What does the popular acronym GI stand for?
Government Issue
47
What difficulty did drill instructors face when training their soldiers?
They had very little time to prepare men for combat.
48
What was an impact of Roosevelt's issue of Executive Order 9066?
It allowed the military to set up Japanese-American internment camps.
49
What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of Korematsu v. United States?
It ruled that Japanese Americans' civil rights could be set aside in a time of war.
50
What popular song served as a symbol for women supporting the war effort?
"Rosie the Riveter"
51
Which of the following roles did women take in the wartime workforce?
all of the above
52
Why did the number of female workers in America explode during the war?
Many working men left their jobs to serve in the war.
53
What was a significant issue faced by working women during World War II?
They received unfair wages compared to male workers.
54
What was the meaning of the Double V campaign?
victory for democracy at home and abroad
55
What was the impact of the Tuskegee Airmen combat unit?
They showed that African Americans could handle even the toughest assignments.
56
How did President Roosevelt respond to his meeting with A. Philip Randolph?
He outlawed hiring discrimination by defense contractors
57
Why did many African Americans leave the South during the war?
They sought out higher paying jobs elsewhere in America.
58
What happened in Germany on the "night of the broken glass"?
Anti-Jewish riots erupted across German cities.
59
What role did the War Refugee Board play in World War II?
It helped Jewish refugees escape German persecution
60
What ethnic group had the highest proportion of combatants in the war?
Mexican Americans
61
Women in WAC, or _________________, became members of the military and underwent rigorous army training.
Women's Army Corps
62
What happened in the Zoot Suit Riots of 1943?
Marines and sailors attacked gang members and pachucos in Los Angeles.
63
What was the state of Germany’s economy when Adolf Hitler took over power?
It was in tatters.
64
What did Adolf Hitler do in the 1930s that threatened Europe with another war?
All of the above
65
What was the main reason Chamberlain agreed to give Germany Sudetenland?
because he did not want to go to war over what he considered to be a small issue
66
Why did France and Britain adopt a policy of appeasement?
because they could not afford to enter into another war after World War I
67
A strong feeling of ________ in Germany allowed Hitler to become a dictator.
nationalism
68
Japan adopted a policy of _______.
militarism
69
Mussolini was the first to found a _______ political movement.
fascist
70
What did Joseph Stalin do to increase food exports?
He took control of private farmland and sold the food abroad.
71
The United States maintained a policy of ________ during the early aggression of Japan, Germany and Italy.
isolationism
72
How did other nations respond to Japan’s aggression towards China?
They ordered Japan to withdraw from China.
73
What was a reason that the League of Nations was weak in responding to Japan, Germany and Italy’s aggression?
The United States was not part of the League.
74
How did Britain and France respond to Germany declaring a political union with Austria?
They did nothing.
75
What was the main war tactic used by the Germans?
blitzkrieg attacks
76
How did the nonaggression pact with Stalin benefit Hitler?
He did not want to fight a war on two fronts.
77
What was the first big sign of hope for the Allies against the Germans?
when the blitz attacks on London finally slowed down
78
What happened at the battle of Dunkirk?
Despite being surrounded, the allies were able to evacuate thousands of troops by boat across the English channel.
79
What was the result of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
It brought the United States into war against Germany and Japan.
80
What message did Roosevelt use to win the election?
That the United States would not enter the war
81
Why did Hitler sign a pact with Japan?
because he hoped the threat of a two-front war would keep the United States neutral
82
What did the Lend-Lease act say?
that the United States would lend, not sell, arms to Britain

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