Lesson 44/45/46

Question 1

What action aboard this bus from Montgomery, Alabama, inspired African Americans to boycott the bus system there?

Answer 1

the arrest of Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her seat

Question 2

The bus law that Rosa Parks was protesting in 1955 required Africans Americans

Answer 2

to give up their seats to White people when buses were full.

Question 3

Whom did the Montgomery Improvement Association choose to lead a boycott against the segregated bus system?

Answer 3

Martin Luther King Jr.

Question 4

What resulted from the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 4

all of the above

Question 5

How did the principal of Central High School reveal that he believed integration would not be permanent

Answer 5

He said Minnijean Brown couldn’t be in the glee club until integration was definitely decided.

Question 6

Daisy Bates tried to improve conditions for the Little Rock Nine by

Answer 6

persuading principals to give appropriate punishments to White students who attacked Black students.

Question 7

What evidence did Daisy Bates provide showing that not all White students were bitterly opposed to the presence of African Americans in the school?

Answer 7

Many White students wanted to organize to achieve a peaceful resolution of the crisis.

Question 8

How did Governor Orval Faubus fight the integration of Central High School?

Answer 8

all of the above

Question 9

Based on the evidence in this photo, what did the owner of this soda fountain do to avoid serving African American customers?

Answer 9

The owner simply closed the soda fountain.

Question 10

These men are staging a protest at this Nashville lunch counter. This protest was called

Answer 10

a sit-in.

Question 11

Where was the first sit-in held?

Answer 11

Greensboro, North Carolina

Question 12

Nonviolent protests, such as sit-ins, were acts of

Answer 12

civil disobedience.

Question 13

These people were participating in a march in Washington, D.C. Based on this photo and the lesson, what were they protesting?

Answer 13

violence in Birmingham

Question 14

Who called Birmingham the most segregated city in the United States?

Answer 14

Martin Luther King Jr.

Question 15

What happened when African American students gathered to march in Birmingham on May 3, 1963?

Answer 15

The police used attack dogs and high-pressure fire hoses on them.

Question 16

16.How did President Kennedy react to the racist backlash following the announced desegregation of Birmingham’s public facilities?

Answer 16

He sent federal troops to a nearby military base to keep the peace.

Question 17

What message are these protesters sending with the signs they are holding?

Answer 17

African Americans were no longer willing to wait patiently for equality.

Question 18

Why would civil rights activists organize public demonstrations like the March on Washington?

Answer 18

all of the above

Question 19

Which of the following was enacted the year after the March on Washington and would have a major impact on civil rights?

Answer 19

the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 20

Who originally proposed the March on Washington?

Answer 20

A. Philip Randolph in 1941

Question 21

Why was Stokely Carmichael’s SNCC speech a turning point in the civil rights movement?

Answer 21

It signaled a move away from the main strategy of nonviolent protest.

Question 22

What was the immediate cause of the Watts riot in Los Angeles?

Answer 22

a charge of police brutality

Question 23

Why did the nature of the civil rights movement begin to change in the mid-1960s?

Answer 23

Social and economic progress had been slow

Question 24

What did the Kerner Commission report mean by the phrase, “reservoir of underlying grievances”?

Answer 24

the building frustration of African Americans over an unjust society

Question 25

Why did Malcolm Little change his name to Malcolm X?

Answer 25

He viewed Little as an enslaver's name.

Question 26

How did the Nation of Islam's aims differ from earlier civil rights goals?

Answer 26

It promoted Black nationalism.

Question 27

How did the membership of the SNCC change over time?

Answer 27

It became an all-Black organization.

Question 28

Which of the following best describes the Black Panther Party?

Answer 28

militant

Question 29

As a result of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and civil rights activism, the number of Black voters _____ from 1964 to 1968.

Answer 29

sharply increased

Question 30

What famous attorney became the first Black Supreme Court Justice?

Answer 30

Thurgood Marshall

Question 31

Afrocentrism helped offset what common bias in schools?

Answer 31

all of the above

Question 32

Why was the popularity of Roots so significant?

Answer 32

It showed that African American history could capture other Americans' interest

Question 33

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 prohibited what form of discrimination?

Answer 33

housing discrimination

Question 34

The decision in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education supported what plan to end school segregation?

Answer 34

using busing

Question 35

What were the results of efforts to desegregate schools in Boston?

Answer 35

Many White students left Boston's public schools

Question 36

President Johnson expanded President Kennedy's affirmative action plan to include _____ and members of minority groups.

Answer 36

women

Question 37

Why did many colleges and universities adopt affirmative action policies?

Answer 37

to increase opportunities for minority students

Question 38

What did the state of California decide to do with its affirmative action policies?

Answer 38

It got rid of its affirmative action practices.

Question 39

Allan Bakke believed that medical school applicants from minority groups were given _____ over him.

Answer 39

preferential treatment

Question 40

How did John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon implement affirmative action policies?

Answer 40

They required government contractors to develop affirmative action plans and goals.

Question 41

In the late 1960s, what small union of farmworkers was founded?

Answer 41

the United Farm Workers

Question 42

What does the term glass ceiling describe?

Answer 42

an invisible barrier to the professional advancement of minorities

Question 43

Why did the Equal Pay Act of 1963 not have much impact on sex discrimination?

Answer 43

all of the above

Question 44

Why was the National Organization for Women formed in 1966?

Answer 44

to bring American women to full participation in society

Question 45

Women’s _____________ is the emancipation of women from customs and laws that keep them subordinate to men.

Answer 45

liberation

Question 46

Why did most Americans oppose feminism during the late 1960s?

Answer 46

all of the above

Question 47

In 1982, the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution was not ratified because Congress

Answer 47

fell short of the required number of states.

Question 48

What was one of the most notable campaigns for Latino rights in the 1960s?

Answer 48

the farmworker struggle in California

Question 49

Who was the primary leader of Latino rights and founder of the United Farm Workers?

Answer 49

César Chávez

Question 50

The American Indian Movement formed to

Answer 50

protest unfair treatment of Indigenous people

Question 51

The 1978 American Indian Movement staged the Longest Walk, which was a

Answer 51

five-month protest from San Francisco to Washington, D.C.

Question 52

__________ suffered greater economic hardship than any other ethnic group in the country.

Answer 52

Indigenous people

Question 53

With their “model minority” label, Asian Americans were considered proof that

Answer 53

ethnic differences were no barrier to success in America.

Question 54

For what did the Japanese American Citizens League ask Congress to compensate them for in 1978?

Answer 54

suffering in World War II internment camps

Question 55

What did the Americans with Disabilities Act call for?

Answer 55

better public access for people with disabilities

Question 56

After graduating from UC Berkeley, Ed Robert pressed the school to improve its

Answer 56

accessibility for students with physical disabilities

Question 57

What movement did the 1969 Stonewall riots kick start?

Answer 57

the Gay Rights movement

Question 58

Who was the first openly gay candidate to win office in a major American city?

Answer 58

Harvey Milk

Question 59

What did the group called the Gray Panthers speak out against?

Answer 59

discrimination based on age

Question 60

Why did Ethel Percy Andrus form AARP in 1958?

Answer 60

to help retirees get health insurance