Lesson 4 Flashcards by Marie G.

Generated from civil registration data are the only source of information that provides the basis for a variety of in-depth epidemiological studies?

VITAL STATISTICS

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____ indicates the number of deaths per 1000 midyear population in a given year.

DEATH RATE /CRUDE DEATH RATE

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___are being used in studies of registration of the outcome of pregnancy when combined with health and birth data?

FETAL DEATH STATISTICS

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Formula of death rate?

Number of deaths/Total mid-year population
x 1,000

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Formula for Cause- Specific Death Rate?

Deaths from Heart disease/Total population
x 100,000

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Formula for Fetal Death Ratio?

Number of fetal deaths/ Total live births
x 1000

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Fetal death rate formula is?

Number of fetal deaths/ total births
x1000

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Formula for neonatal mortality rate is?

Number of neonatal deaths/ total live births
x 1000

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It is the number of deaths of fetuses weighing at least 500g(or after 22 completed weeks of gestation or with a crown-heel length of 25 cm or more), and early neonatal deaths, per 1000 total birth?

Perinatal Mortality Rate

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Perinatal Mortality Rate formula?

Fetal deaths and early neonatal deaths/ Total births
x 1000

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It is a deaths from a specific cause can be expressed as a percentage of all deaths?

Number of deaths from heart disease/ Total deaths
x 100

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Formula of the infant Mortality Rate?

Number of deaths of infants under age 1 in a given year/ Total live births in that year
x 1,000

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It is the number of women who disease a result of complications from pregnancy or childbearing in a given year per 100,000 live births in that year?

Maternal Mortality Ratio

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Maternal Mortality Ratio formula?

Number of maternal deaths/ Total live births
x 100,000

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The study of the distribution and
determinants of health-related states or
events in specified populations, and the
application of this study to the control of
health problems?

Epidemiology

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What are the Ds of Epidemiology?

Death
Disease
Discomfort
Disability
Dissatisfaction
Destitution

Expresses the numerical relationship between
two quantities which may or may not be related with each other is?

RATIO
A
———- * 10n
B

Proportion that has time dimension
Measures the occurrence of an event in a
population over a given interval
Follows the form:
A
——* 10n
B
Where A is a part of B; and, both numerator and
denominator occur in the same period of time?

Rate

Special type of ratio:
numerator is part of the denominator
Follows the form:
A
——* 10n
B
where A is part of B
Expressed IN percentage?

Proportion

Rates are specific to populations?

Time
Place
Person characteristics

Crude rates?

total population

#total population

Specific rates?

population in segment of

with the outcome of interest
in the segment of population
——————————-
#population in segment of population

It is the occurrence of death due to all causes in a particular population during a specified
period of time?

Crude Death Rate

Total # of deaths
registered in a year
————————-* 10n
Mid- year population

It measures the rate of dying from a specific
cause of death?

Cause- specific Mortality Rate

No. of deaths due to a
particular cause in a year
——————–* 10n
Mid- year population

It measures the occurrence of death in a particular population during a specified period of time? * Age- specific mortality rate Gender- specific mortality rate * Other groupings

Specific Mortality Rate; deaths in the specific group registered in a year ----------------------* 10n Mid- year population of the specific group

shows the numerical relationship between deaths due to a particular cause and the total numbers of deaths due to all causes?

Proportionate Mortality Ratio registered deaths from a specific cause in a year -----------------------* 10n # registered deaths from all causes in same year

* “Killing power” of a disease * Measures the risk of dying from a particular disease * Expressed in %?

registered deaths from a specific disease for a given year ------------------------ * 100 # registered cases of same specific disease in same year Case Fatality Rate

Formula of Infant Mortality Rate??

# of live births of deaths among children <1yo ----------------------------* 10n # of live births

Formula of Swaroop's index?

registered deaths ≥50 yo -------------------- # registered deaths in same year * 10n

* Indicates proportion of individuals in a population who have a particular disease or condition at a specified point in time or period of time * Cases are counted in prevalence until they recover or die?* Expressed in % * Appropriate for stable and chronic conditions

Prevalence cases (new and pre-existing) in a given point in or period of time -----------------------* 100 Total population in the same point in or period of time

Proportion of the population who has the disease at a single point in time – Since examination is done at a single point in time, may be an underestimate?

Point prevalence

The proportion of the population who has the disease at any time during a particular time period – Time period: day, week, year, etc?

Period prevalence

Indicates the development of new cases of a disease in a population during a specified period of time?

Incidence

Appropriate when the population at risk is fairly constant, “fixed” – Assumes that all people in the population contributed the same amount of time to the measure?

Cumulative Incidence (CI) new cases of a particular disease in a given period of time --------------------------* 10n Total population at risk of developing the disease in the same time period

Appropriate when the population at risk is dynamic – Denominator is the total time period that each person is observed: “person-time at risk” – Person-time units: days, months, years, etc?

Incidence Density (ID) new cases in a given period of time ---------------------- Total person-time during the same period of time * 10n

* Special measure of incidence * Calculated for a small, defined population that is observed for a short, limited time * Usually expressed in %

Attack Rate # new cases in a given period of time -----------------------*100 # population at risk at the start of the period

Formula of Crude Birth Rate (CBR)?

of live births in a year ------------------------*10n Mid-year population

Formula for General Fertility Rate?

of live births in a year -------------------------* 10n # of women 15- 49 yo

Lesson 4 Flashcards

Vital Health Statistics and Measures of Disease Frequency & Indices of Community Health