Lesson 4 Flashcards
(121 cards)
1
Q
Physical diagrams describe what
A
wiring layouts
2
Q
Logical Diagram
A
describes that paths through which data moves
3
Q
Which diagram describes how data moves
A
Logic diagram
4
Q
Common physical topologies are
A
Star
Bus
Ring
Mesh
5
Q
Physical Bus Description
A
Nodes are connecged in a linear fashion
T connector connecst each node to the network cable
Signal can reflect off the ends of the cable
6
Q
Signal bounce
A
signals that reflect off the ends of the network cable
7
Q
What can alleviate signal bounce
A
Terminators
8
Q
Termination
A
Applying a resistor or other device at the end of a cable
9
Q
Impedance Mismatch does what
A
impeded signal flow
10
Q
Ring Topology
A
Each node is connected to the two nearest nodes
11
Q
Why is signal flow in a ring unidirectional
A
To avoid collisions
12
Q
Each node in a ring acts like a
A
Repeater
13
Q
Are Rings reliable
A
No
14
Q
Dual Ring Topology
A
More reliable and data moves in opposite directions
15
Q
Does a star use a central connectivity device
A
Yes
16
Q
What is a star central connectivity device
A
Hub
Switch
17
Q
Will a fail node bring down a bus, ring or star
A
Ring
18
Q
What will bring down a star topology
A
Failed central connectivity device
19
Q
Are star nodes aware of one another
A
No
20
Q
Are mesh nodes aware of one another
A
Yes
They are actually connected to one another
21
Q
Mesh networks do not experience congestion and are very fast True or False
A
True
22
Q
Is the mesh network reliable
A
Yes
23
Q
What is a full mesh
A
When all nodes are connected to all nodesl the opposite is called a partial mesh
24
Q
A partial mesh is sometimes referred to as what
A
redundant star
25
Is the internet a mesh or partial mesh
partial mesh
26
What's a hybrid technology
exhibits more than one standard topology
27
Name some hybrid topologies
Star-bus
Extended Star
Star-Ring
28
Star Rings are commonly found in
MANs
29
Extended start topologies are commonly found in
LANs
30
Star Bus topologies are commonly found in local area networks
LANs
31
Do all nodes get the data in a logical bus?
Yes
32
In this logical topology, each node receives dat only from its upstream neighbor and retransmits data only to its downstream neighbor
Logical Ring
33
Logical Ring equals a physical
Star
34
Logical Bus equals a physical
Star
35
Topic B
Topic B
36
What info does logical topologies provide that physical topologies do not
Data transmission path
Data converges and diverges
37
Most popular wired network type
Ethernet because of simplicity and wide applicability
38
What serves as an interface between a network node and the network
NIC
39
Where are NIC cards located
Built into the motherboard
Located in an expansion slot
Externally connected to the computer
40
NICs operate in which modes
Half duplex
Full duplex
41
What is a transceiver
a device that has both a transmitter and receiver integrated into it
42
NICs have an auto negotiation feature that allows
device to perform self configuration to achieve the best possible mode of operation across a link
43
GBIC
Gigabit Interface Converter
Transceiver used to convert electrical signals into optical signals and vice versa
44
SFP
Small Form Pluggable
Transceiver is most commonly used in the 2Gbps and 4 Gbps
45
MAC Transceiver
Ethernet transceiver o AUO to Ethernet transceiver is a passive device that connects a 15 pin AUI Ethernet connector
46
Name the 802.x standards
802. 2
802. 3
802. 3af
802. 3at
802. 11
47
What is Ethernet (802.3)
Technology and media access methods specified for LANs
Also called 802.3
48
Ethernet deals with which layers
Layer 1 and 2
49
Is Ethernet limited to ThinNet and ThihckNet
No
50
What is ThinNet
Ethernet that uses RG58/U
51
What is ThickNet
EtherNet that uses RG8
52
What's an Ethernet frame
Data packet that has been encoded at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2)
53
The basic Ethernet frame contains how many fields
Seven
54
Name the Ethernet Frame Fields
```
Preamble
Start of Frame Delimiter
Destination Address
Source Address
Frame Type
Data
Frame Check Sequence
```
55
Describe a MAC address
6 Bytes long
3 Bytes belong to Org Unique Identifier
3 Bytes belong to Universal LANMAC address
Uses hexadecimal
56
Pg 152-154
Pg 152-154
57
Which standard covers Power over Ethernet
IEEE 802.3af
58
Why is power over Ethernet good
It allows you to deliver power to the devices via the Ethernet cable
59
What are AAA services for
Authentication
Authorization
Accounting
60
What are the two types of switches
Managed and Unmanaged
61
Describes a router
Works at Layer 3
Uses IP addressing
Can strip off Layer 2 info
62
Can routers work with non routable protocols
No
63
Routers only work with
Routable protocols
64
Name the categories of routers
Access Routers
Distribution Routers
Core Routers
65
Which type of router is used in a SOHO environment
Access routers
66
Which type of router collects data from multiple access routers
Distribution Routers
67
Purpose of a core router
Located at the center of network backbones
Used to connect multiple distribution routers located in different builidngs
68
Purpose of a Gateway
Any device or software that translates one network protocol to another
69
Gateways work a which layer
Layer 3
70
What is a firewall
software or hardware to protect a device or network
71
What's an Analog modem
device that modulates signals to encode them into a digital format
72
Modems are classified by
Bps
Baud rate
73
Name some legacy network devices
Repeater
Hub
Bridge
74
What is a collision domain
Nodes contend for access to the same physical medium because all nodes hear all transmissions
75
Name two collision domains
Single hub domains
Buses
76
Does each port on a switch become its own collision domain
Yes
24 Port switch has 24 collision domains
77
If a 24 port switch is placed in full duplex mode, will any collisions occur
No
78
Broadcast Domain
Network segment on which broadcasts occur
79
Can micro segmentation stop broadcasts
No
80
What do switches do with broadcasts by default
It sends it out to all ports
81
What do routers do with broadcasts by default
They block broadcasts by default
82
If a router has two Ethernet interfaces, does it has two broadcast domains
Yes
83
Micro segmentation
A switch separates all nodes from each other logically until there is a need to connect them
84
MAC Table
A switch learns the address of all nodes connected to its ports and places those addresses into a table.
A MAC table is also called a CAM table
85
Managed switch are sometimes called
Intelligent switches
86
How do you connect to a managed switch
via a web browser or management port
87
Name some switch types
Multilayer
Content
88
Name some switch modes
Cut Through
Fragment Free
Store and Forward
89
Describe Spanning Tree Protocol
Layer 2 protocol
Used to prevent routing loops
90
Do switches send broadcasts and multicast out all ports
Yes
91
Switching Loops
Redundant paths between switches
Two switches connected using two different links
Ring of switches connected to each other
92
Broadcast Storm
d
93
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
Replaced STP
Usually takes about 20 seconds
94
Shortest Path Bridging
Replaces STP
Enables multiple path routing
95
Blocking
User data is not sent or received
96
Listening
BPDUs are processed by the switch. It does not forward frames. It waits for information to determine if it should return to the blocked state. It does not update MAC tables
97
Learning
Learns source addresses from received frames. Addresses are added to the switching database. MAC address table is updated. No frames are forwarded
98
Forwarding
Data is sent and received on a port in this state. BPDUs are monitored to determine if the port should return to the blocked state
99
Disabled
A port that has been manually disabled
100
Topic E
Topic E
101
What is a primary benefit of using switches and VLANs
To implement the concept of VLANs to segment a network
102
What is a VLAN
logical grouping of ports on the switch
103
Who determines which ports are grouped together
Admin
104
Nodes that plug into a VLAN switch can only communicate with the nodes that belong to the same VLAN
T
105
What is tagging
When a VLAN port group is extended to another device
106
What is a native VLAN
A VLAN that handles traffic that is not tagged
107
Name some uses for VLANs
- Traffic management
- It can be used to isolate a group of computers on their one VLAN
- To separate nodes based on traffic type and the need for quality ofservice
108
Can VLANs be extended beyond a single switch
t
109
Can VLAN tagging keep different customer's traffic separate
Y
110
Can VLANs communicate with one another
Only if you use a router to send packets between them; otherwise. VLANs can only communicate with nodes located within that VLAN
111
How can ports be assigned on a VLAN
Manually configuring each port on a switch to belong to a particular VLAN
Associating a VLAN with a node's MAC address
112
What is the advantage of assigning a port on a VLAN
If a user moves between locations, pligging a device into different ports the node always stays in the same VLAN
113
What is port mirroring
The practice of duplicating all traffic on one port in a switch to a second port
114
What are the types of port mirroring
Local port mirroring
Remote port mirroring
115
What is trunking
Linkd]s can be combined to increase bandwidth and reliabiity
116
Link Aggregation Control Protocol
a method to control the bundling of several physical ports
117
What is the primary purpose of link aggregation
is to allow redundant links to combine their bandwidth together without causing spanning tree loops
118
VLAN Pooling
mechanism whereby WAPs can choose among several different VLANs to assign to incoming Cleats connections
119
VLAN Trunking Protocol
messaging protocol that switches use to update each other's VLAN database
120
Name three VTP modes
Server Mode
Client Mode
Transparent Mode
121
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