Lesson 4.3: Properties of a Well-Written Text

Question 1

a summary that gives the essential features of a text. it shows how the parts of a text are related to one another as parts that are of equal importance, or sections that are subordinate to a main idea.

Answer 1

Outline

Question 2

used to get the main ideas of a text that is already written

Answer 2

Reading Outline

Question 3

skeletal overview of your draft, which contains the fundamental points and the different ideas that support them

Answer 3

Writing Outline

Question 4

Outline works like a

Answer 4

map

Question 5

it shows you where each of your ideas is placed in your writing; how all of them fit together; and how each idea leads to the central idea of your writing. it also determines the boundaries of your draft; how much of your subject you will need to cover without lacking or exceeding in details

Answer 5

Writing Outline

Question 6

Parts of a formal outline

Answer 6

I. Main Idea
A. Supporting Idea 1
1. Supporting Idea 2
a. Supporting Idea 3

Question 7

what do you label the first/level main topic with

Answer 7

Roman Numerals

Question 8

what do you label subtopics under the second/main topic with?

Answer 8

Uppercase Letters

Question 9

what do you label the supporting details under the subtopics (third level) with?

Answer 9

Arabic Numbers

Question 10

what do you label the supporting details (fourth) level with?

Answer 10

Lowercase Letters

Question 11

two kinds of generally accepted writing outlines

Answer 11

Scratch and Sentence Outlines

Question 12

simple list of ideas that take the form of words and phrases. they are good for their brevity

Answer 12

scratch outlines

Question 13

uses sentences to define the subject matter. they are good for their use of specific detail

Answer 13

sentence outlines

Question 14

it is said hat ideas are well-developed when there is a clear statement of purpose, position, facts, examples, specific details, definitions, explanations, justifications, or opposing viewpoints

Answer 14

Organization

Question 15

refers on how the ideas in the
text are organized or how the paragraph is arranged with its introduction, body, and
conclusion. It must also have the topic sentence or the main idea.

Answer 15

Organization

Question 16

achieved when these ideas are logically and accurately arranged

Answer 16

Organization

Question 17

organization is achieved when these

Answer 17

ideas are logically and accurately arranged

Question 18

this means that sentences are arranged in a logical manner, making them easily understood by the reader

Answer 18

Coherence

Question 19

very helpful when jumping ideas so that they will stick to each
other. This can be achieved by applying techniques such as: using topic sentence
at the beginning of the paragraph; placing major ideas in another paragraph and
sequencing the ideas in logical order or by numbering.

Answer 19

Coherence

Question 20

connection of ideas at sentence level

Answer 20

Cohesion

Question 21

property of a well-written text ensures the ideas are united at the
paragraph level

Answer 21

Coherence

Question 22

a property of a well-written text that helps the ideas to become
meaningful by sticking the ideas together at the sentence level.

Answer 22

Cohesion

Question 23

How can cohesion be achieved?

Answer 23

by using transitional devices, pronouns, subordinators, coordinators, and lexical patterning

Question 24

How can coherence be achieved?

Answer 24

using topic sentences, placing major ideas in separate paragraphs, sequencing ideas in logical order, numbering, and using paragraph patterns

patterns include defining, narrating, describing, and classifying

Question 25

the property of unity in a written text or a segment of spoken discourse that stems from links among its surface elements, as when words in one sentence are repeated in another, and especially from the fact that some words or phrases depend for their interpretation upon material in preceding or following text

Answer 25

Cohesion

Question 26

the details are arranged in the order in which they happened

Answer 26

Chronological order

Question 27

It is a technique in arranging the text observing the chronological order or time, process or sequence, and narration of events by using signal words like first, second, third, initially, primarily, following, preceding, next, when, later, before, after, then, until, not long after that, finally, lastly, at last, etc.

Answer 27

sequential order

Question 28

This is another technique in organizing the paragraph pertaining to space, position, or location of people or things by using signal words like above, below, under, behind, beside, beyond, alongside, nearby, in front of, inside, outside, on top of, etc. that is very suitable when describing about the geographical location of things or people

Answer 28

Spatial Order

Question 29

the sentences of a paragraph are arranged according to geographical location, such as left-to-right, up-to-down, etc.

Answer 29

Spatial Order

Question 30

when information found in a paragraph is arranged to emphasize certain points depending on the writer's purpose

Answer 30

Emphatic Order

Question 31

Emphatic order can be arranged in two ways

Answer 31

* least to most important * most to least important

Question 32

This technique in organizing compositions refers to the logical order from simple to complex, inductive to deductive, cause and effect, and problem and solution to help the writers explain their ideas. This can also be done by defining and illustrating.

Answer 32

Complexity Order

Question 33

signal words like for, because, since, as a consequence, due to, etc

Answer 33

Cause-Effect

Question 34

Signal words like because, as a solution, consequently, so that, therefore, etc

Answer 34

Problem-Solution

Question 35

transitional devices such as is defined as, means, refers to, to illustrate, as defined, etc.

Answer 35

Defining

Question 36

It means the ordering of ideas following the alphabet (from A to Z).

Answer 36

Listing Order

Question 37

words that give reader an idea of how the points in your paragraph are progressing

Answer 37

Signal Devices

Question 38

words that connect one idea to another, in order for our ideas to flow smoothly

Answer 38

Transitions

Question 39

first, immediately, afterward, before, at the same time, after, earlier, simultaneously, finally, next, in the meantime, later, eventually, then, meanwhile, now, subsequent, etc

Answer 39

Time

Question 40

moreover, furthermore, next, also, finally, last, another, first, second, third, besides, additionall

Answer 40

Sequence

Question 41

above, next to, below, behind, beside

Answer 41

Space

Question 42

for instance, specifically, for example, namely, in this case, to illustrate

Answer 42

Illustration/Exemplification

Question 43

similarly, also, in the same way, still, likewise, in comparison, too

Answer 43

Comparison

Question 44

but, despite, however, even though, yet, on the other hand, although, on the contrary, otherwise, conversely

Answer 44

Contrast

Question 45

because, as a result, consequently, then, so, since

Answer 45

Cause and Effect

Question 46

thus, therefore, in conclusion, in short

Answer 46

Conclusion

Question 47

words that give readers an idea of how the points in your paragraph are progressing

Answer 47

Signal Devices

Question 48

repeating of main ideas keep continuity and highlight important ideas (this could be a word, phrase, or full sentence repeated to emphasize its significance in the entire text

Answer 48

Repetitions

Question 49

these are words similar in meaning to important words or phrases that prevent tedious repetitions

Answer 49

Synonyms

Question 50

words that connect readers to the original word that the _____ replace

Answer 50

Pronouns

Question 51

indeed, importantly, in fact, furthermore, and moreover

Answer 51

Giving Emphasis

Question 52

: in contrast, conversely, compared to, another point

Answer 52

Stating Contrast

Question 53

finally, overall, lastly, to sum up, and in conclusion

Answer 53

Summarizing

Question 54

for instance, for example, namely, such as

Answer 54

Giving Examples

Question 55

similarly, likewise, again, and also

Answer 55

Adding Similar Points

Question 56

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Answer 56

Coordinators

Question 57

FANBOYS stands for

Answer 57

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Question 58

when, since, although, so that, until, before, unless, when, whenever, etc.

Answer 58

Subordinators

Question 59

means changing the function of the word into another part of speech (e.g. changing the word heroism to heroic so it can be used in another sentence)

Answer 59

Lexical Patterning

Question 60

appropriateness of word/vocabulary usage

Answer 60

Language Use

Question 61

what words/phrases to avoid for appropriate language use

Answer 61

too informal, too unsophisticated, too vague

Question 62

insider terminology that may be difficult for readers from other fields to understand

Answer 62

Jarggon

Question 63

expressions that are heavily overused

Answer 63

Cliches

Question 64

examples of everyday abbreviations

Answer 64

photos, fridge, phone, info

Question 65

e.g. cops, cool

Answer 65

slang

Question 66

e.g. fireman, mankind

Answer 66

not gender neutral

Question 67

refers to style or register, denotative and connotative language, figures of speech, and idiomatic expression.

Answer 67

Language Use

Question 68

In describing the ______, the language used is either spoken or written, and formal or informal.

Answer 68

Style or Register

Question 69

The language used is either

Answer 69

Spoken or written; formal or informal

Question 70

Three dimensions of register and style

Answer 70

Field, tenor, mode

Question 71

language used in a certain profession

Answer 71

jargon

Question 72

responsible if people talk or write in formal or informal way.

Answer 72

tenor

Question 73

concerned about the medium of communication whether it is spoken or written. It can be done using phone call, e-mail, or formal document.

Answer 73

mode

Question 74

the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.

Answer 74

denotation

Question 75

an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.

Answer 75

connotation

Question 76

words that have a literal meaning or meaning found in the dictionary

Answer 76

denotation or denotative meaning

Question 77

words that have a deeper meaning

Answer 77

connotation

Question 78

# denotation/connotation e.g. A rose is a beautiful and fragrant flower with thorns

Answer 78

Denotation

Question 79

# denotation/connotation e.g. A red rose means passion and true love.

Answer 79

Connotation

Question 80

used to get away from ordinary use of language and to create a literary effect to the readers.

Answer 80

Figures of Speech

Question 81

It is comparing things, ideas, and persons figuratively with the use of the words like or as.

Answer 81

Simile

Question 82

This is used to compare figuratively without using the words like or as.

Answer 82

Metaphor

Question 83

It is giving human characteristics to inanimate objects.

Answer 83

Personification

Question 84

This is exaggerating the statements to create a literary effect.

Answer 84

Hyperbole

Question 85

It is placing two opposite words together.

Answer 85

Oxymoron

Question 86

These expressions do not give the literal meaning of the words but they have figurative meaning. (e.g. break a leg, you are the apple of my eye)

Answer 86

Idiomatic Expression

Question 87

set of conventions on how to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize

Answer 87

Mechanics

Question 88

what to avoid when writing (mechanics)

Answer 88

avoid contractions and exclamation points

Question 89

involves spelling, punctuation marks, abbreviations, indentions, and capitalization

Answer 89

Mechanics