Lesson 5 Flashcards
(50 cards)
What are the basic requirements of controls?
Not too light
Not too heavy
Control forces should vary with IAS
No lag - controls should be responsive
Harmonised - similar for pitch/roll
What is the
axis of rotation
control
primary effect
secondary effect
of
aileron
axis of rotation:
Longitudinal
control:
Lateral
primary effect:
Roll
secondary effect:
Yaw
What is the
axis of rotation
control
primary effect
secondary effect
of
elevator
axis of rotation:
Lateral
control:
Longitudinal
primary effect:
Pitch
secondary effect:
(speed)
What is the
axis of rotation
control
primary effect
secondary effect
of
rudder
axis of rotation:
Normal
control:
Directional
primary effect:
Yaw
secondary effect:
Roll
Suggest some combined controls (3)
Ruddervator
Elevon
Taileron
What type of controls have a mechanical connection between the control column and control surfaces.
Conventional -
full feedback to pilot
What type of controls have a mechanical link and are augmented?
Partially powered controls -
Pilot still gets feedback
What type of controls does not have any mechanical connection to the control surface?
Fully powered controls -
No pilot feedback
What can be used in an aircraft with fully powered controls to reduce the chances of the pilot demanding too much control deflection and overstressing the aircraft? (3)
Springs
Bobweight
Fly-by-wire
Name types of aerodynamic balance
(1x hinge)
(2x balance)
(4x tab)
Inset hinge
Horn balance
Internal balance
Balance tab
Anti-balance tab
Servo tab
Spring tab
Which aerodynamic balance will move the position of the hinge (usually aft) and what does it do to the forces?
Inset hinge
Which aerodynamic balance sticks out ahead of the control surface, forward of the hinge?
Horn balance
Which balance has an internal chamber which can be split into two by a flexible seal?
How does this work?
Internal balance
Two halves of the camber are exposed to the static pressure on the upper/lower surfaces.
As the control surface is deflected then the static pressures will change, creating a pressure gradient and helps the pilot, making the aircraft controls lighter.
Which balance is similar to a trim tab but moves with the same control but in the opposite direction?
Balance tab (not the same as a trim tab)
The balance tab moves in the opposite way to the control surface
Which balance is works the opposite to the ‘balance tab’? It moves in the same direction as the control surface.
Anti-balance tab
Which balance system can be use in the case of hydraulic failure?
Servo tab
What balance system acts like a servo tab at higher speeds and a regular control surface at lower speeds.
Spring tab
Name a balance that is NOT aerodynamic.
Mass balance
Control flutter would be dampened (or prevented) by which type of balance
Mass balance
Fly-by-wire normal law:
What does forward/aft on the sidestick command?
g-force
Fly-by-wire normal law:
What does left/right on the sidestick command?
Roll rate
What are the two forms of protection?
Soft - can be overridden
Hard - can’t be overridden
In alternate law, what does side stick command?
Same as ‘Normal law’
In direct law, what does side stick command?
Now a direct relationship with the control surfaces.
