Lesson 6 Clostridium species

Question 1

Species resistant to C. tetani:

Answer 1

carnivores

Question 2

Endospores of C. tetani are killed by autoclaving with temperature of:

Answer 2

121 degree celcius for 15 mins

Question 3

Produced by C. tetani that hasten the replication of the clostridial organisms in tissues

Answer 3

tetanolysin

Question 4

The neurotoxin responsible for the clinical signs of tetanus

Answer 4

tetanospamin

Question 5

Which Clostridial species is manifested by stiffness, localized spasms, altered heart and respiratory rates, dysphagia and altered facial expression?

Answer 5

Tetanus

Question 6

incubation period of tetanus

Answer 6

5 - 10 days

Question 7

Does recovery from tetanus confer immunity?

Answer 7

No, it does not confer immunity due to below minimum amount of toxin required to stimulate the production of
neutralizing antibodies.

Question 8

Non motile Clostridium species

Answer 8

Clostridium perfringens

Question 9

Neurotoxic clostridia

Answer 9

C. tetani, C. botulinum

Question 10

Atypical clostridial organism

Answer 10

C. piliforme

Question 11

straight, slender, anaerobic, gram positive rod with spherical endospores giving drumstick appearance to sporulated organisms

Answer 11

Clostridium tetani

Question 12

infective stage of Clostridium tetani

Answer 12

endospores

Question 13

An anaerobic Gram-positive rod that produces oval, subterminal endospores and intoxication is through ingestion of its pre-formed neurotoxin:

Answer 13

Clostridium botulinum

Question 14

How many neurotoxins are produced by C. botulinum:

Answer 14

7

Question 15

Spores of C. botulinum is introduced through injection of?

Answer 15

Subcutaneous injection of drugs

Question 16

These species cause the most common outbreaks of botulism in domestic animals

Answer 16

Clostridium botulinum types C and D

Question 17

These animals are resistance to neurotoxins of botulinum

Answer 17

pigs and dogs

Question 18

gram positive bacteria with oval, subterminal endospores

Answer 18

C. botulinum

Question 19

Botulism is rare in these animals?

Answer 19

Domestic cats

Question 20

effecive in neutralizing unbound toxin of botulinum in early course of disease

Answer 20

polyvalent antiserum

Question 21

Birds affected by Clostridium tetani show progressive ____ _____ which initially affects legs and wings.

Answer 21

flaccid paralysis

Question 22

treat botulinum via enhance transmitter release at neuromuscular junctions

Answer 22

tetraethylamide, guanidine

Question 23

What is the causative agent of blackleg?

Answer 23

Clostridium chauvoei

Question 24

Blackleg typically affects what age of cattle

Answer 24

3 months to 2 years old

Question 25

Mechanism of blackleg infection in cattle:

Answer 25

Endogenous

Question 26

Blackleg in sheep occurs in any age. Identify the mechanism of infection:

Answer 26

Exogenous

Question 27

Which Clostridial species are most commonly implicated in malignant edema?

Answer 27

C. septicum

Question 28

Which Clostridial species are most commonly implicated in gas gangrene?

Answer 28

C. perfringens type A

Question 29

C. perfringens type A most likely cause this condition

Answer 29

gas gangrene

Question 30

A ram infected with Clostridial species manifested the disease by edematous swelling of subcutaneous tissues of the head, neck, and cranial thorax. This condition is termed as:

Answer 30

Big head

Question 31

This disease cause death primarily by gangrenous cellulitis and myositis due to exotoxins:

Answer 31

Blackleg

Question 32

Causative agent of braxy or abomasitis in sheep which occurs in winter periods:

Answer 32

Clostridium septicum

Question 33

Known as black disease which relates to dark discoloration of the skin observed at post-mortem examination

Answer 33

infectious necrotic hepatitis

Question 34

Causative agent of black disease:

Answer 34

Clostridium novyi type B

Question 35

Infectious necrotic hepatitis caused by Clostridium novyi type B maybe associated with which parasitic worm disease?

Answer 35

Acute fasciolosis

Question 36

The causative agent of bacillary haemoglobinuria

Answer 36

C. haemolyticum

Question 37

Major clinical feature of disease caused by C. haemolyticum

Answer 37

haemoglobinuria

Question 38

technique used to demonstrate C. novyi type B in specimens from liver lesions

Answer 38

fluorescent antibody technique

Question 39

phospholipase produced by vegetative cells of C. haemolyticum that causes intravascular haemolysis in addition to hepatic necrosis

Answer 39

alpha toxin

Question 40

The causative agent of lamb dysentery

Answer 40

C. perfringens type B

Question 41

sensitive to trypsin digestion

Answer 41

beta toxin of C. perfringens type B

Question 42

Disease caused by C. chauvoei

Answer 42

Blackleg in cattle and sheep

Question 43

Diseases caused by C. septicum in cattle, sheep, and pigs:

Answer 43

Cattle, sheep, pigs - Malignant edema Sheep - abomasitis

Question 44

Disease caused by C. novyi type A

Answer 44

Big head in rams, wound infection

Question 45

Disease caused by C. haemolyticum

Answer 45

Bacillary haemoglobinuria

Question 46

Disease caused by C> novyi type B

Answer 46

infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease)

Question 47

Disease caused by C. sordelii in cattle, sheep and horses

Answer 47

Myositis

Question 48

Disease caused by C. sordelii in lambs

Answer 48

Abomasitis

Question 49

Which clostridial species causes gangrenous dermatitis in chickens?

Answer 49

Clostridim perfringens Type A

Question 50

toxin by C. perfringens type B which is sensitive to trypsin digestion

Answer 50

beta toxin of C. perfringens type B

Question 51

Which clostridial species cause hemorrhagic enteritis in calves and enteritis in rabbits?

Answer 51

C. perfringens type E

Question 52

Which clostridial species cause pulpy kidney in sheep?

Answer 52

C. perfringens type D

Question 53

Which clostridial species cause "struck" in adult sheep?

Answer 53

Clostridium perfringens Type C

Question 54

Which disease has a predisposing factor of overeating of high grain diet, high starch content?

Answer 54

Pulpy kidney disease

Question 55

This disease occurs in sheep at pasture, manifest as sudden death sometimes with terminal convulsions, caused by y C. perfringens type C:

Answer 55

Struck

Question 56

An important virulence factor of necrotic enteritis strains

Answer 56

NetB

Question 57

Which Clostridial species cause chronic diarrhea in dogs and hemorrhagic enterocolitis in horses?

Answer 57

Clostridium difficile

Question 58

Reported pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile in dogs

Answer 58

Chronic diarrhea

Question 59

Reported pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile in newborn foals:

Answer 59

Hemorrhagic enterocolitis

Question 60

Causative agent for enteritis in quails, turkeys, chickens, pheasants, grouse with 100 percent mortality in quails

Answer 60

Clostridium colinum

Question 61

A disease with a predisposing factor of oral administration of antibiotics and low fiber diets

Answer 61

Infection with Clostridium spiroforme

Question 62

A clostridial organism with atypical coiled morphology, has been implicated in spontaneous and antibiotic-induced enteritis in rabbits.

Answer 62

Clostridium spiroforme

Question 63

Disease caused by infection with Clostridium piliforme

Answer 63

Tyzzers disease

Question 64

technique used for tyzzers disease

Answer 64

Warthin starry silver impregntion technique

Question 65

Localized spasms of masticatory muscles due to C. tetani may lead to this known condition:

Answer 65

Lockjaw

Question 66

Muscle stiffness caused by C. tetani can result to this know condition in horses:

Answer 66

Saw horse stance

Question 67

Clostridium piliforme is formerly known as:

Answer 67

Bacillus piliformis