Lesson 4a, 4b, 4c

Question 1

Ingestion of feed contaminated with L. monocytogenes result to

Answer 1

septicemia, encephalitis, abortion

Question 2

L. monocytogenes infection in pregnant animals results to?

Answer 2

transplacental transmission

Question 3

Main route of neural listerioses

Answer 3

migration in cranial nerves via dental pulp

Question 4

What is a major way L. monocytogenes survives within the hosts cell?

Answer 4

inhibiting cell autophagy

Question 5

Its clinical manifestations in ruminants present as encephalitis, abortion, septicemia or endophthalmitis

Answer 5

Bovine listeriosis

Question 6

A form of bovine listeriosis manifested as dullness, circling and tilting of the head, and unilateral facial paralysis:

Answer 6

Neural listeriosis

Question 7

The incubation period of neural listeriosis:

Answer 7

14-40 days

Question 8

The incubation period of septicemic listeriosis:

Answer 8

2-3 days

Question 9

Occur singly, in palisades of parallel cells and in angular clusters resembling Chinese characters in stained smears

Answer 9

Corynebacterium species

Question 10

What is the effect of Corynebacterium bovis in cattle and give their usual habitat

Answer 10

subclinical mastitis - teat cistern

Question 11

C. diptheriae effects on horses

Answer 11

wound infection

Question 12

Which Corynebacterium spp cause abscesses, foci in liver, lungs and lymph nodes in lab rodents?

Answer 12

Corynebacterium kutscheri

Question 13

Non nitrate reducing C. pseudotuberculosis effect on sheep and goats

Answer 13

Caseous lymphadenitis

Question 14

Nitrate reducing biotype of C. pseudotuberculosis effects in horses and cattle

Answer 14

Ulcerative lymphagitis, abscess

Question 15

C. renale effect on cattle

Answer 15

Cystitis, pyelonephritis

Question 16

C. renale effect on sheep and goats

Answer 16

ulcerative balanoposthitis

Question 17

C. pilosum effect on cattle

Answer 17

cystitis, pyelonephritis

Question 18

C. cystidis effect on cattle

Answer 18

severe cystitis, pyelonephritis

Question 19

C. ulcerans effect on cattle

Answer 19

mastitis

Question 20

C. ulcerans effect on cats

Answer 20

upper respiratory tract infection

Question 21

C. ulcerans effects in humans

Answer 21

diptheria

Question 22

Corynebacterium are opportunistic pathogens and pyogenic except for?

Answer 22

C. bovis

Question 23

a facultative intracellular pathogen capable of surviving and replicating in phagocytes whose virulence is linked to its cell wall lipid and to the production of an exotoxin, phospholipase D (PLD) that enhances its survival and multiplication in the host

Answer 23

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 24

diptheria toxin from these Corynebacteria species present in raw milk cows may implicate public health

Answer 24

Corynebacterium ulcerans, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Question 25

Encapsulated abscess formation which have an onion ring appearance in cross-section

Answer 25

caseous lymphadenitis

Question 26

Also called "pizzle rot" common in Merino sheep and Angora goats

Answer 26

Ulcerative balanoposthitis

Question 27

characterized by ulceration around the preputial orifice (or vulva in ewes), with a brownish crust developing over the lesion

Answer 27

pizzle rot

Question 28

Formerly named Corynebacterium equi

Answer 28

Rhodococcus equi

Question 29

Clinical conditions associated with Rhodococcus equi in humans

Answer 29

pneumonia

Question 30

Clinical conditions associated with Rhodococcus equi in cats

Answer 30

subcutaneous abscess, mediastinal granulomas

Question 31

Clinical conditions associated with Rhodococcus equi in pigs and cattle

Answer 31

mild cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 32

Clinical conditions associated with Rhodococcus equi in horses

Answer 32

superficial abcessation

Question 33

Oppurtunistic intracellular pathogen (foal under 6 months old)

Answer 33

Rhodococcus equi

Question 34

Clinical conditions associated with Rhodococcus equi in foals 1-4 mos old

Answer 34

Suppurative bronchopneumonia and pulmonary abscessation

Question 35

epidemiology of suppurative bronchopneumonia of foals

Answer 35

inhalation of contaminated dust or ingestion (sputum) of large numbers of R. equi

Question 36

What is the characteristic microscopic morphology of Corynebacterium species in stained smears?

Answer 36

Gram-positive pleomorphic bacteria in palisades or angular clusters

Question 37

Which Corynebacterium species is notable for not being an opportunistic pyogenic pathogen, unlike most others in the genus?

Answer 37

Corynebacterium bovis

Question 38

What exotoxin, produced by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, enhances its survival and multiplication in the host by disrupting phagocyte membranes?

Answer 38

Phospholipase D (PLD)

Question 39

What is the characteristic lesion observed in caseous lymphadenitis caused by C. pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 39

Encapsulated abscesses with an "onion ring" appearance

Question 40

Which Corynebacterium species is associated with ulcerative lymphangitis in horses and cattle?

Answer 40

C. pseudotuberculosis (nitrate-reducing biotype)

Question 41

What predisposing factor in cows makes them susceptible to bovine pyelonephritis caused by the C. renale group?

Answer 41

Stress of parturition and short urethra

Question 42

What diagnostic method is used to detect antibodies against C. pseudotuberculosis in caseous lymphadenitis?

Answer 42

ELISA

Question 43

What is the primary habitat of Rhodococcus equi?

Answer 43

Soil (saprophyte)

Question 44

What age group of foals is most susceptible to suppurative bronchopneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi?

Answer 44

Foals under 6 months old

Question 45

What virulence factor of Rhodococcus equi is encoded by a large plasmid and used as an epidemiological marker?

Answer 45

VapA protein

Question 46

What is the result of R. equi cultured on MacConkey agar?

Answer 46

no growth

Question 47

What test is R. equi positive for? a) Oxidase test b) CAMP test c) Catalase test d) Sugar fermentation test.

Answer 47

CAMP test

Question 48

What is the typical microscopic morphology of Listeria monocytogenes?

Answer 48

Gram-positive coccobacillary rods

Question 49

What environmental source is often associated with outbreaks of listeriosis?

Answer 49

Silage feeding

Question 50

What is the primary mechanism by which Listeria monocytogenes survives and replicates intracellularly? a) Formation of inclusion bodies b) Production of listeriolysin and ActA protein c) Encapsulation d) Sporulation

Answer 50

Production of listeriolysin and ActA protein

Question 51

What is the role of listeriolysin in Listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis? a) Adherence to host cells b) Destruction of phagocytic vacuole membranes c) Inhibition of complement activation d) Stimulation of cytokine production

Answer 51

Destruction of phagocytic vacuole membranes

Question 52

What are the common clinical manifestations of bovine listeriosis?

Answer 52

Encephalitis, abortion, septicemia, and endophthalmitis

Question 53

What characteristic motility is observed in Listeria monocytogenes at 25°C?

Answer 53

Tumbling motility

Question 54

What is the primary route of infection for neural listeriosis in sheep? a) Inhalation of contaminated dust b) Penetration via the dental pulp and migration in cranial nerves c) Ingestion of contaminated water d) Vector-borne transmission

Answer 54

Penetration via the dental pulp and migration in cranial nerves

Question 55

What is the result of Listeria spp. cultured on Blood agar?

Answer 55

Large beta-hemolytic colonies

Question 56

Give the three species forming the Corynebacterium renale group

Answer 56

Corynebacterium renale Corynebacterium pilosum Corynebacterium cystidis

Question 57

Habitat of C. renale in sheep and goats

Answer 57

Prepuce