Lesson 6 - Gender Flashcards
Gender
Social Construct of people as males, females, or gender diverse.
Gender Identity
The sense of one’s own gender, including knowledge and understanding, and acceptance of being male, female, 2-spirit or non-binary.
Gender roles
Sets of expectations that prescribe how people of certain genders should act, think and feel.
Gender typing
Acquisition of traditional masculine or feminine roles.
When do children recognize gender identity?
2 years old
Who created the cognitive-dvelopmental theory of gender?
Kohlberg.
What is the cognitive-developmental theory of gender?
Gender Identity: Identify who is a girl.
Gender Stability: A gender does not change.
Gender Constancy: Someone’s gender does not change based on situations.
Critics: gender is more fluid, does not take into account everybody. bad
What is the gender-schema theory?
Gender typing emerges as children gradually develop schemas of what is gender appropriate in their culture.
Children are motivated to act in ways that conform to these gender schemas.
What is gendered-parenting?
Describes parental messages and behaviors that convey information about how girls and boys should behave.
What is gender neutral parenting?
Parenting with less focus on gender or elimination of gender stereotypes.
What are gender stereotypes?
They are general impressions and beliefs about females and males.
Generalizations about a group that reflect widely held beliefs.
What is the difference between instrumental traits and expressive traits?
Instrumental traits are more associated with males: independent, aggressive, power-oriented.
Expressive traits are more associated with females: being warm, sensitive, nurturing.
How does culture influence gender stereotyping?
Studies show that men and women in countries with higher gender equality (education, representation of women at higher levels of government, etc.) have less stereotypical gender roles within the family.
What is gender-role classification?
Individuals could have both masculine and feminine traits.
What is androgyny?
The presence of masculine and feminine characteristics in the same person.
Associated with gender-role classification.
What is gender-role transcendence?
We should think about ourselves as people first, not as being masculine, feminine or androgynous.
What is the difference between gender-role classification and gender-role transcendence?
Gender role classification believes that individuals could have both feminine and masculine traits.
Gender-role transcendence believes that we should be people first, and not care about if our traits are feminine or masculine.
Gender-role classification leads to too much gender stereotyping.
