Lesson 6 - group presentations Flashcards
Rapport is the ……. and aids the research process by …..
level of trust and connection between the moderator and participant
allowing parts. to feel safe and comfortable enough to share their truths
Rapport allows the the moderator/researcher and the participant to both be fully….
present
Some strategies for creating rapport include….
- creating space for small talk
- seeing the person behind the participant (ask them unrelated qs and highlight their individuality)
- ask follow up qs
- project warmth and kindness
Some things to avoid when trying to build rapport include
- becoming distracted
- being judgmental
- seeming false
- forcing parts. to share
Qual research is less concerned with rel/val and more concerned with….. , which is made up of which 4 sub-divisions?
trustworthiness
- credibility: does study measure what it aims to? (need prolonged time in field, reflexivity and triangulation)
- transferability: provide details contextual information and sampling criteria to aid in transferability.
- dependability: quality of integration between data collection, methodology, data analysis and generated theories AND repeatability (how well documented are all the processes) => improves transparency
- confirmability: are the interpretations and findings supported by data (would other researchers draw the same conclusions from the same data). Involves keeping a reflexive journal of some kind
Reflexivity is ….
used by qual. researchers to consider how subjectivity affects their work.
It is ongoing and cooperative
Why practice reflexivity?
- to neutralize and acknowledgethe researchers subjective influence
- to explain and capitalize on the subjective influence
Validity refers to….
Reliability refers to….
…how well a study measures what it aims to
…how often a study obtains consistent results
External validity refers to….
- how well a study’s results can be generalized (applied outside a specific setting)
What are the 3 categories of threats to external validity
- Generalizing across participants: can you generalize to individuals who DIFFER from those in the study (selection bias, volunteer bias etc)
- Generalizing across features of a study: are finding specific to the procedure followed in the study? (multiple treatment interference, experimenter characteristics etc)
- Generalizing across features of the measure: would studies using different measures (eg depression inventories) find the same results
What are the 5 solutions to threats to external validity?
- Random sampling
- Diverse participant selection
- Replication studies (do it again across ranges of populations/settings)
- Meta-analysis
- Mixed-method approach (multiple data sources, quants and qual etc)
Give 2 reasons why external validity is important
- ensures findings are generalizable and applicable beyond a specific context
- needed to find decision-making, policy/intervention development etc for diverse populations and situations
What are the three principles of research ethics in psych
- Autonomy
- Beneficence
- Justice
Name X areas other than the 3 guiding principles covered by ethical guidelines in psych research
- Privacy and confidentiality
- Institutional approval
- Competence
- Record keeping
- Informed consent (knowledge, volition, competence)
- Offering incentives
- Deception
- Debriefing
- Reporting info
- Plagiarism
- Fraud
Informed consent can only be waived when:
- not reasonably assumed to cause harm
- confidentiality is protected
- involves a study of A) educational practices B) anon questionnaires/naturalistic obs/archival res C) job or org effectiveness
