Lesson 7

Question 1

____ the manipulation of atoms or molecules in a material that results to a different physical or chemical properties of the material

Answer 1

Nanotechnology

Question 2

It has been employed by scientiests for more than _____ now

Answer 2

50 years

Question 3

The idea of working on nanoscale began in _____

Answer 3

1959

Question 4

Who quoted “There’s plenty of room at the bottom” during a meeting in American Physical Society in 1959

Answer 4

Richard Feynman

Question 5

He said that scientist would be able to manipulate atoms and molecules

Answer 5

Richard Feyman

Question 6

_____ are those materials that measures 1 to 100 mm.

Answer 6

Nanomaterials

Question 7

They may be engineered materials which are created for specific applications or those that exist naturally possessing nanostructures in themselves.

Answer 7

Nanomaterials

Question 8

They may be in the form of particles, tubes, rods, or fibers

Answer 8

Nanomaterials

Question 9

One of the toughest materials known to man is the _____

Answer 9

Spider silks

Question 10

The strenght of the silk lies in the thin, nanoscale ______

Answer 10

crystalline proteins

Question 11

These are composed of multi-layered nanoscale structures that create brilliant colors.

Answer 11

Butterfly wings

Question 12

It also helps the butterfly shed off water and dirt

Answer 12

Butterfly wings

Question 13

This concept gave rise to applying nanotechnology to garments, making them water and dirt proof

Answer 13

Butterfly wings

Question 14

The leaves are self-cleaning because of its ultra hydrophobicity

Answer 14

Lotus leaves

Question 15

Using the _____, it was observewd that the surface of the leaf has a special characteristics roughtness

Answer 15

Reflection electron microscopy (REM)

Question 16

The main properties of the surface of the lotus leaf are systematically arranged nano-sized _______

Answer 16

Wax crystals

Question 17

_____ containing silicon nano-powder is one of the first application of this concept

Answer 17

House paints

Question 18

In can enhance combustion when added to fuels

Answer 18

Carbon nanoparticles in combustion

Question 19

Their high surface area and thermal conductivity improve fuel-air mixing, promote complete combustion, and reduce emissions like soot and hydrocarbons

Answer 19

Carbon nanoparticles in combustion

Question 20

They also act as
catalysts, accelerating burning and reducing
ignition delay

Answer 20

Carbon nanoparticles in combustion

Question 21

It is smaller than 0.1 micrometers in
diameter, can be generated in automotive
production plants through various processes,
including manufacturing and emissions.

Answer 21

Ultrafine particles in automotive production plant

Question 22

These particles can be both emitted from the
plant itself and can be inhaled by workers and
those living nearby.

Answer 22

Ultrafine particles in automotive production plant

Question 23

complex mixture of carbon particles,
organic chemicals, heavy metals, and free
radicals.

Answer 23

Diesel exhaust particles

Question 24

These particles are a significant component of
urban air pollution and have been linked to
various health effects, including Geno toxicity,
oxidative DNA damage, and potential tumor
formation.

Answer 24

Diesel exhaust particles

Question 25

Its antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial properties made it best to use in wound bandages, and topical creams

Answer 25

Nanosilver.

Question 26

Tiny particles (1-100 nanometers) of silver with a wide range of applications due to their unique antibacterial and antimicrobial properties

Answer 26

Nanosilver.

Question 27

These particles are commonly used in consumer products, medical devices, and even agricultural settings

Answer 27

Nanosilver.

Question 28

Named after Architect Richard Buckminster Fuller because they resemble the form of his geodesic dome It is an allotrope of carbon with a chemical formula of C60.

Answer 28

Fullerene (or buckminsterfullerene or buckyballs).

Question 29

They are fullerenes that are cylindrical in shape

Answer 29

Carbon nanotubes (or CNT).

Question 30

Since _____ are exceptionally strong and lightweight, they can be embedded to building materials without adding much weight.

Answer 30

Carbon nanotubes (or CNT).

Question 31

The high conductivity of CNT are used to the advantage on sensing ____ and _____ apparatus.

Answer 31

Chemical and biological

Question 32

____ are from graphite

Answer 32

Graphene

Question 33

A 1 atom- thick sheet of carbon.

Answer 33

Graphene

Question 34

It is the thinnest material only 1 atom thick and a million times thinner than paper.

Answer 34

Graphene

Question 35

It is very light and a very strong material, which is 200 times stronger than steel.

Answer 35

Graphene

Question 36

_____ are used in aerospace, mobile devices, building materials, thermal film applications, batteries, supercapacitors, efficient solar panels, drug deliveries, anti-corrosion coatings and paints

Answer 36

Graphene-enhanced materials

Question 37

It is a naturally-occurring, white powder.

Answer 37

Titanium dioxide

Question 38

The white pigment of paints is ______.

Answer 38

Titanium dioxide

Question 39

When nano-engineered, it functions as UV filter protecting the paint’s binder material

Answer 39

Titanium dioxide

Question 40

It degrades organic materials by photocatalytic activity, having a self-cleaning surfaces.

Answer 40

Titanium dioxide

Question 41

______ is also being used in sunscreen because of its ability to absorb UV lights.

Answer 41

Titanium dioxide

Question 42

_____ with titanium dioxide blocks UV light from entering a room, resulting to decreased energy consumption and prevention of discoloration of furniture's

Answer 42

Glasses coated

Question 43

Semi-conducting nanoparticles that emits light.

Answer 43

Quantum dots (QDs).

Question 44

Electrons, in the presence of energy, become excited as they move from lower energy level (ground state) to a higher energy level.

Answer 44

Quantum dots (QDs).

Question 45

_____ is produced when they return to their ground state

Answer 45

Light

Question 46

Applications include ____ that aid in the detection of biomolecules and as fluorescent inorganiz components of composites

Answer 46

Fluorescent labels

Question 47

A chemical process where atoms and molecules agglomerates to form nanoparticles by nucleation, based on the principle of atomic self-organization

Answer 47

Bottom-up process.

Question 48

_____ happens in a solution, where particles less than nanoscale self-assemble until the desired size of nanomaterial is achieved._

Answer 48

Nucleation

Question 49

This process is used for powder or film form nano-materials.

Answer 49

Bottom-up process.

Question 50

Bulk materials are crushed mechanically and reduced to nanoparticles, by milling process.

Answer 50

Top-down process

Question 51

This process is energy intensive and the particle size is difficult to control

Answer 51

Top-down process

Question 52

This process is used for metals and ceramics nano-materials

Answer 52

Top-down process

Question 53

Drug delivery: customized nanoparticles that can deliver drugs directly to the diseased cells without harming the healthy ones;

Answer 53

Medicine

Question 54

_______ can be programmed to repair specific diseased cells;

Answer 54

Nanorobots or nanobots

Question 55

_____ that help prevent infection;

Answer 55

Bandages

Question 56

____ that are antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral._

Answer 56

Creams

Question 57

Engineered nanomaterials being used as additives in food processing, resulting to increased shelf-life with high retention of nutritional values, mechanical strength and durability of packaging materials, food microbiology, like nanosensors to detect of foodborne pathogens

Answer 57

Food science.

Question 58

Stronger metals and alloys used in construction, paints that are self-cleaning, parts of automobiles, extremely thin electrical conducting sheets, nanolithograph

Answer 58

Material science and engineering.

Question 59

Superconducting nanowire memory cells; nanowires as electrodes in organic light emitting diode, making for low power, very thin, higher resolution screen; quantum dots.

Answer 59

Electronic/computing–

Question 60

more efficient fuel cells, batteries and solar panels

Answer 60

Energy production and storage

Question 61

solutions or powders that turn contaminated water to potable water

Answer 61

Water treatment and air treatment

Question 62

athletic garments that repels odor:

Answer 62

Sportswear

Question 63

which has a natural antimicrobial property eliminates unpleasant odors from sweat;

Answer 63

Nanosilver

Question 64

_____ that are waterproof

Answer 64

Nanofabrics

Question 65

_____ are extremely hydrophobic

Answer 65

Silicon nanofilaments

Question 66

Nano sensors that detect presence and amount of explosion

Answer 66

Crime Laboratory

Question 67

As a measure to stop the spread of covid-19

Answer 67

Microbiology

Question 68

a disinfectant containing silver ion and titanium dioxide is being used to sanitize surfaces.

Answer 68

Nanotech surface

Question 69

The disinfectant can leave the surfaces "_____" for up to two years

Answer 69

Self-sterilizing

Question 70

A condition where skin becomes blue-gray due to built up silver metal particles in skin

Answer 70

Argyria

Question 71

____ may also be deposited in intestines, liver, kidneys, and other organs

Answer 71

Silver

Question 72

_____ being sued in food packaging has a danger to mnigrate to food

Answer 72

Nanoparticles

Question 73

Those that use ____ in food must employ HACCP (Haard analyusis and critical control point_, a food safety assessment program to ensure food safetyu

Answer 73

Nanotechnology

Question 74

_____ of Arizona State University conducted an experiment on seven brands of socks where nanosilver was used.

Answer 74

Troy Benn and Paul Westerhoff

Question 75

They found out that only 6 out of 7 leaked silver to the water. (American Chemical Society, 2008).

Answer 75

Troy Benn and Paul Westerhoff

Question 76

The ____ on bodies of water have a potential to harm marine organisms as well as humans

Answer 76

Silver ions

Question 77

_____ is being used in garments for its odor-fighting propoertines

Answer 77

Nanosilver

Question 78

The institute for soldier nanotechnologies (ISN) at Massachusetts Institute of Tehcnology (MIT) are studying the application of nanotechnology to _____

Answer 78

MIlitary

Question 79

An example is the enhanced surveillance equipment using _____

Answer 79

nano-sensors

Question 80

There might also be a possibility of developing _____ at nanoscle

Answer 80

Chemical weapons

Question 81

_____ is a team of MIT, the army and industry working together to advance soldier protection and survical capability

Answer 81

ISN